मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-213
यो ज्येष्ठो विनिकुर्वीत लोभाद भ्रातॄन यवीयसः ।
सोऽज्येष्ठः स्यादभागश्च नियन्तव्यश्च राजभिः ॥२१३॥
सोऽज्येष्ठः स्यादभागश्च नियन्तव्यश्च राजभिः ॥२१३॥
213. yo jyeṣṭho vinikurvīta lobhād bhrātṝn yavīyasaḥ ,
so'jyeṣṭhaḥ syādabhāgaśca niyantavyaśca rājabhiḥ.
so'jyeṣṭhaḥ syādabhāgaśca niyantavyaśca rājabhiḥ.
213.
yaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ vinikurvīta lobhāt bhrātṝn yavīyasaḥ
saḥ ajyeṣṭhaḥ syāt abhāgaḥ ca niyantavyaḥ ca rājabhiḥ
saḥ ajyeṣṭhaḥ syāt abhāgaḥ ca niyantavyaḥ ca rājabhiḥ
213.
yaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ lobhāt yavīyasaḥ bhrātṝn vinikurvīta saḥ
ajyeṣṭhaḥ syāt abhāgaḥ ca syāt ca rājabhiḥ niyantavyaḥ
ajyeṣṭhaḥ syāt abhāgaḥ ca syāt ca rājabhiḥ niyantavyaḥ
213.
If the eldest (brother), out of greed, defrauds his younger brothers, he should be stripped of his seniority (jyaiṣṭhya) and his share, and he should be punished by the rulers.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
- ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest brother (eldest, chief, senior)
- विनिकुर्वीत (vinikurvīta) - should defraud (his brothers) (should defraud, should act improperly, should violate)
- लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of greed
- भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers
- यवीयसः (yavīyasaḥ) - younger, more humble
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- अज्येष्ठः (ajyeṣṭhaḥ) - not the eldest, deprived of seniority
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be, might be
- अभागः (abhāgaḥ) - without a share, unallotted
- च (ca) - and
- नियन्तव्यः (niyantavyaḥ) - to be punished (by the rulers) (to be restrained, to be controlled, to be punished)
- च (ca) - and
- राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Relative pronoun.
ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest brother (eldest, chief, senior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha
jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, most excellent
Superlative of praśasya/vṛddha
Note: Used as a noun here.
विनिकुर्वीत (vinikurvīta) - should defraud (his brothers) (should defraud, should act improperly, should violate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of vi-ni-kṛ
Optative Mood
Root kṛ with prefixes vi and ni
Prefixes: vi+ni
Root: kṛ (class 8)
लोभात् (lobhāt) - from greed, out of greed
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of lobha
lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice
Root: lubh (class 4)
भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ
bhrātṛ - brother
Note: Object of `vinikurvīta`.
यवीयसः (yavīyasaḥ) - younger, more humble
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of yavīyas
yavīyas - younger, less, more humble
Comparative of yuvan (young)
Note: Modifies `bhrātṝn`.
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative pronoun for `yaḥ`.
अज्येष्ठः (ajyeṣṭhaḥ) - not the eldest, deprived of seniority
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ajyeṣṭha
ajyeṣṭha - not the eldest, without pre-eminence, deprived of seniority
Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jyeṣṭha)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - jyeṣṭha – eldest, chief, senior
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of praśasya/vṛddha
स्यात् (syāt) - should be, might be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
Optative Mood
From root as
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Parasmaipada form.
अभागः (abhāgaḥ) - without a share, unallotted
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhāga
abhāga - without a share, having no portion
Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāga)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - bhāga – share, portion, part
noun (masculine)
From root bhaj
Root: bhaj (class 7)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
नियन्तव्यः (niyantavyaḥ) - to be punished (by the rulers) (to be restrained, to be controlled, to be punished)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyantavya
niyantavya - to be restrained, to be controlled, to be governed, to be punished
Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)
From root yam with prefix ni + tavya suffix
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
राजभिः (rājabhiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
Note: Agent of `niyantavyaḥ`.