महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-27

अहनी युयुधे द्वे तु कर्णः परबलार्दनः ।
शल्योऽर्धदिवसं त्वासीद्गदायुद्धमतः परम् ॥२७॥

27. ahanī yuyudhe dve tu karṇaḥ parabalārdanaḥ ,
śalyo'rdhadivasaṁ tvāsīdgadāyuddhamataḥ param.

27. ahanī yuyudhe dve tu karṇaḥ parabalārdanaḥ śalyaḥ
ardhadivasam tu āsīt gadāyuddham ataḥ param

27. But Karna, the destroyer of enemy forces, fought for two days. Shalya then fought for half a day, and after that, there was the mace duel.

Words meanings summery:

• अहनी (ahanī) - for two days (two days)

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought

• द्वे (dve) - two

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun))

• परबलार्दनः (parabalārdanaḥ) - destroyer of enemy forces (tormentor/destroyer of enemy forces)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (Shalya (proper noun))

• अर्धदिवसम् (ardhadivasam) - for half a day (half a day)

• तु (tu) - and (or 'then') (but, and)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - he was (active) / it was (the mace fight) (he was, it was)

• गदायुद्धम् (gadāyuddham) - the mace-fight (mace-fight)

• अतः (ataḥ) - after this (from this, hence, then)

• परम् (param) - after (this) (after, beyond, supreme, later)

Words meanings and morphology

अहनी (ahanī) - for two days (two days)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of ahan

ahan - day

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating duration

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of √yudh

Root: √yudh (class 4)

द्वे (dve) - two

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'ahanī'

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (proper noun))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; name of a hero in the Mahabharata

परबलार्दनः (parabalārdanaḥ) - destroyer of enemy forces (tormentor/destroyer of enemy forces)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parabalārdana

parabalārdana - one who crushes or torments enemy forces

agent noun

compound of para (enemy) + bala (force) + ardana (crusher)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+bala+ardana)

• para – other, enemy, superior
  adjective (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
• ardana – tormenting, crushing, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  action noun/agent noun
  from root √ṛd (to torment, distress)
  Root: √ṛd (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Karna

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (Shalya (proper noun))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - dart, spear, arrow; name of a king, brother of Madri

अर्धदिवसम् (ardhadivasam) - for half a day (half a day)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ardhadivasa

ardhadivasa - half a day

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+divasa)

• ardha – half, part
  adjective (masculine)
• divasa – day
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating duration

तु (tu) - and (or 'then') (but, and)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - he was (active) / it was (the mace fight) (he was, it was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √as

Root: √as (class 2)

गदायुद्धम् (gadāyuddham) - the mace-fight (mace-fight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gadāyuddha

gadāyuddha - battle with maces, mace-fight

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gadā+yuddha)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• yuddha – fight, battle, war
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from √yudh
  Root: √yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of āsīt in the second part of the verse

अतः (ataḥ) - after this (from this, hence, then)

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - after (this) (after, beyond, supreme, later)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'ataḥ' to mean 'after this'