महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-175

शल्यस्य निधनं चात्र धर्मराजान्महारथात् ।
गदायुद्धं तु तुमुलमत्रैव परिकीर्तितम् ।
सरस्वत्याश्च तीर्थानां पुण्यता परिकीर्तिता ॥१७५॥

175. śalyasya nidhanaṁ cātra dharmarājānmahārathāt ,
gadāyuddhaṁ tu tumulamatraiva parikīrtitam ,
sarasvatyāśca tīrthānāṁ puṇyatā parikīrtitā.

175. śalyasya nidhanam ca atra dharmarājāt
mahārathāt gadāyuddham tu tumulam
atra eva parikīrtitam sarasvatyāḥ
ca tīrthānām puṇyatā parikīrtitā

175. And in this (Parva), the death of Śalya, the great charioteer, at the hands of King Yudhiṣṭhira is narrated. Moreover, the tumultuous mace fight is described right here, and the sacredness of the Sarasvatī's holy bathing places is also recounted.

Words meanings summery:

• शल्यस्य (śalyasya) - of Śalya

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - the death (death, destruction, demise)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this (Parva) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• धर्मराजात् (dharmarājāt) - from Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira) (from Dharmarāja, from the king of righteousness)

• महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from the great warrior (from the great charioteer, from the great warrior)

• गदायुद्धम् (gadāyuddham) - the mace fight (mace fight)

• तु (tu) - moreover, and (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce (tumultuous, fierce, violent)

• अत्र (atra) - in this (Parva) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• एव (eva) - right here, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• परिकीर्तितम् (parikīrtitam) - is narrated (described, narrated, proclaimed)

• सरस्वत्याः (sarasvatyāḥ) - of Sarasvatī (river) (of Sarasvatī)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तीर्थानाम् (tīrthānām) - of the holy bathing places (of the holy places, of the fords)

• पुण्यता (puṇyatā) - the sacredness, sanctity (sanctity, holiness, merit)

• परिकीर्तिता (parikīrtitā) - is recounted (described, narrated, proclaimed)

Words meanings and morphology

शल्यस्य (śalyasya) - of Śalya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of the King of Madra)

Note: Genitive singular masculine, possessive.

निधनम् (nidhanam) - the death (death, destruction, demise)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, demise, end, destruction, dissolution

action noun

From 'ni-' + root 'dhā' (to place, fix; here with 'han' implied 'to put to an end'). More commonly from 'ni' + 'dhā'.

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, subject of 'parikīrtitam' (implicitly).

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this (Parva) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place from 'idam' (this).

Note: Refers to the current 'Parva'.

धर्मराजात् (dharmarājāt) - from Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira) (from Dharmarāja, from the king of righteousness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira's epithet)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Ablative singular masculine, indicating the agent of Śalya's death.

महारथात् (mahārathāt) - from the great warrior (from the great charioteer, from the great warrior)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Ablative singular masculine, in apposition to 'dharmarājāt'.

गदायुद्धम् (gadāyuddham) - the mace fight (mace fight)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gadāyuddha

gadāyuddha - mace fight, club fight

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (gadā+yuddha)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle (used as noun)
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Nominative singular neuter, subject of 'parikīrtitam'.

तु (tu) - moreover, and (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce (tumultuous, fierce, violent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, confused, violent, fierce

Note: Nominative singular neuter, modifying 'gadāyuddham'.

अत्र (atra) - in this (Parva) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place from 'idam' (this).

एव (eva) - right here, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'atra'.

परिकीर्तितम् (parikīrtitam) - is narrated (described, narrated, proclaimed)

(nominal form)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parikīrtita

parikīrtita - thoroughly described, proclaimed, celebrated, narrated

past passive participle

From 'pari-' + root 'kīrt' (to mention, praise).

Prefix: pari

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective, implicitly forming a passive verb 'is narrated'.

सरस्वत्याः (sarasvatyāḥ) - of Sarasvatī (river) (of Sarasvatī)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sarasvatī

sarasvatī - Sarasvatī (name of a river, a goddess of learning)

Note: Genitive singular feminine, possessive.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तीर्थानाम् (tīrthānām) - of the holy bathing places (of the holy places, of the fords)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tīrtha

tīrtha - ford, bathing place, sacred place, holy place

Note: Genitive plural neuter, modifying 'puṇyatā'.

पुण्यता (puṇyatā) - the sacredness, sanctity (sanctity, holiness, merit)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of puṇyatā

puṇyatā - holiness, sacredness, virtue, merit, purity

From 'puṇya' (holy, sacred) + suffix '-tā' (abstract noun).

Note: Nominative singular feminine, subject of 'parikīrtitā'.

परिकीर्तिता (parikīrtitā) - is recounted (described, narrated, proclaimed)

(nominal form)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parikīrtita

parikīrtita - thoroughly described, proclaimed, celebrated, narrated

past passive participle

From 'pari-' + root 'kīrt' (to mention, praise).

Prefix: pari

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective, implicitly forming a passive verb 'is recounted'.