महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-228

दृष्ट्वा निर्वेदमापन्नो व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः ।
धर्मराजं समासाद्य संन्यासं समरोचयेत् ॥२२८॥

228. dṛṣṭvā nirvedamāpanno vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ ,
dharmarājaṁ samāsādya saṁnyāsaṁ samarocayet.

228. dṛṣṭvā nirvedam āpannaḥ vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ
dharmarājam samāsādya saṁnyāsam samarocayet

228. Having witnessed [these events] and fallen into a state of dispassion, prompted by Vyasa's words, he (Arjuna) approached King Yudhishthira and would approve of renunciation.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (the devastating consequences of the war) (having seen, having perceived)

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - a state of spiritual dispassion or weariness from worldly affairs and their results (detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness)

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into (a state of dispassion) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

• व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः (vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ) - urged/prompted by the words of Vyasa

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - to King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (to King Dharma, to Yudhishthira)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (Yudhishthira) (having approached, having obtained)

• संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - the act of renouncing worldly life and ties (renunciation, abandonment)

• समरोचयेत् (samarocayet) - he would approve or consent to (renunciation) (he should desire, he should approve, he would favor)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (the devastating consequences of the war) (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - a state of spiritual dispassion or weariness from worldly affairs and their results (detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness, indifference

action noun

From root vid with prefix nis- (related to finding, knowing, feeling)

Prefix: nis

Root: vid (class 6)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into (a state of dispassion) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, obtained, fallen into, undergone

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root pad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः (vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ) - urged/prompted by the words of Vyasa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsavākyapracodita

vyāsavākyapracodita - prompted by the words of Vyasa

past passive participle (compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyāsavākya+pracodita)

• vyāsavākya – words of Vyasa
  noun (neuter)
• pracodita – urged, prompted, incited
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root cud with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: cud (class 10)

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - to King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (to King Dharma, to Yudhishthira)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of Righteousness, King Dharma (epithet for Yama, also for Yudhishthira)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (Yudhishthira) (having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Derived from root sad with prefixes sam- and ā- with suffix -ya (l-yap)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - the act of renouncing worldly life and ties (renunciation, abandonment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṁnyāsa

saṁnyāsa - renunciation, abandonment, asceticism, giving up

action noun

Derived from root as with prefixes sam- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 2)

समरोचयेत् (samarocayet) - he would approve or consent to (renunciation) (he should desire, he should approve, he would favor)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of samarocaye

causative optative

Causative stem (rocaya) of root ruc, optative mood, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: ruc (class 7)