महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-228

दृष्ट्वा निर्वेदमापन्नो व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः ।
धर्मराजं समासाद्य संन्यासं समरोचयेत् ॥२२८॥

228. dṛṣṭvā nirvedamāpanno vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ ,
dharmarājaṁ samāsādya saṁnyāsaṁ samarocayet.

228. dṛṣṭvā nirvedam āpannaḥ vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ
dharmarājam samāsādya saṁnyāsam samarocayet

228. Having witnessed [these events] and fallen into a state of dispassion, prompted by Vyasa's words, he (Arjuna) approached King Yudhishthira and would approve of renunciation.

228. כשראה זאת, נפל (אַרְג׳וּנַה) לייאוש מן העולם, ובהניעת דברי וְיָאסַה בא אל יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה מלך היושר וראה בסַנְיָאסַה (ויתור על העולם) דבר רצוי.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (the devastating consequences of the war) (having seen, having perceived)

• निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - a state of spiritual dispassion or weariness from worldly affairs and their results (detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness)

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into (a state of dispassion) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

• व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः (vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ) - urged/prompted by the words of Vyasa

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - to King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (to King Dharma, to Yudhishthira)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (Yudhishthira) (having approached, having obtained)

• संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - the act of renouncing worldly life and ties (renunciation, abandonment)

• समरोचयेत् (samarocayet) - he would approve or consent to (renunciation) (he should desire, he should approve, he would favor)

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed (the devastating consequences of the war) (having seen, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

निर्वेदम् (nirvedam) - a state of spiritual dispassion or weariness from worldly affairs and their results (detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nirveda

nirveda - detachment, dispassion, despair, weariness, indifference

action noun

From root vid with prefix nis- (related to finding, knowing, feeling)

Prefix: nis

Root: vid (class 6)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen into (a state of dispassion) (having attained, having reached, fallen into)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - attained, reached, obtained, fallen into, undergone

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root pad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

व्यासवाक्यप्रचोदितः (vyāsavākyapracoditaḥ) - urged/prompted by the words of Vyasa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsavākyapracodita

vyāsavākyapracodita - prompted by the words of Vyasa

past passive participle (compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyāsavākya+pracodita)

• vyāsavākya – words of Vyasa
  noun (neuter)
• pracodita – urged, prompted, incited
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root cud with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: cud (class 10)

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - to King Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava (to King Dharma, to Yudhishthira)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - King of Righteousness, King Dharma (epithet for Yama, also for Yudhishthira)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached (Yudhishthira) (having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Derived from root sad with prefixes sam- and ā- with suffix -ya (l-yap)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

संन्यासम् (saṁnyāsam) - the act of renouncing worldly life and ties (renunciation, abandonment)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṁnyāsa

saṁnyāsa - renunciation, abandonment, asceticism, giving up

action noun

Derived from root as with prefixes sam- and ni-

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 2)

समरोचयेत् (samarocayet) - he would approve or consent to (renunciation) (he should desire, he should approve, he would favor)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of samarocaye

causative optative

Causative stem (rocaya) of root ruc, optative mood, 3rd person singular

Prefix: sam

Root: ruc (class 7)

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