महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-21

ज्ञेयं शतसहस्रं तु सहस्राणि तथा नव ।
नराणामपि पञ्चाशच्छतानि त्रीणि चानघाः ॥२१॥

21. jñeyaṁ śatasahasraṁ tu sahasrāṇi tathā nava ,
narāṇāmapi pañcāśacchatāni trīṇi cānaghāḥ.

21. jñeyam śatasahasram tu sahasrāṇi tathā nava
narāṇām api pañcāśat śatāni trīṇi ca anaghāḥ

21. O blameless ones, one should know that for men (foot soldiers), the count is one hundred thousand, and furthermore nine thousand, along with three hundred and fifty.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - this numerical information is to be understood and remembered (to be known, should be known, knowable)

• शतसहस्रम् (śatasahasram) - the largest component of the foot soldiers' count (100,000) (a hundred thousand, one lac)

• तु (tu) - serves as a conjunction or emphasis, connecting this numerical fact (but, indeed, and)

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - a numerical unit, part of the count for foot soldiers (thousands)

• तथा (tathā) - introduces the next component of the count (thus, also, and)

• नव (nava) - specifies 'nine' thousands (nine)

• नराणाम् (narāṇām) - specifies that the count refers to foot soldiers (of men, of human beings)

• अपि (api) - indicates that this count for men is also part of the akṣauhiṇī's composition (also, even, too)

• पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - refers to fifty units that, combined with 'trīṇi śatāni', form 350 (fifty)

• शतानि (śatāni) - a numerical unit, part of the count for foot soldiers (three hundreds) (hundreds)

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - specifies 'three' hundreds (three)

• च (ca) - connects 'three hundreds' with 'fifty' (and)

• अनघाः (anaghāḥ) - an address to the audience, signifying purity or high moral standing (O blameless ones, O sinless ones)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - this numerical information is to be understood and remembered (to be known, should be known, knowable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, comprehensible

gerundive

derived from √jñā + ya

Root: jñā (class 9)

शतसहस्रम् (śatasahasram) - the largest component of the foot soldiers' count (100,000) (a hundred thousand, one lac)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - a hundred thousand, one lac

Compound type : tatpurusha (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

तु (tu) - serves as a conjunction or emphasis, connecting this numerical fact (but, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - a numerical unit, part of the count for foot soldiers (thousands)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

तथा (tathā) - introduces the next component of the count (thus, also, and)

(indeclinable)

नव (nava) - specifies 'nine' thousands (nine)

(numeral)

Note: can be treated as a plural nominative form for numerals

नराणाम् (narāṇām) - specifies that the count refers to foot soldiers (of men, of human beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, foot soldier

अपि (api) - indicates that this count for men is also part of the akṣauhiṇī's composition (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - refers to fifty units that, combined with 'trīṇi śatāni', form 350 (fifty)

(numeral)

शतानि (śatāni) - a numerical unit, part of the count for foot soldiers (three hundreds) (hundreds)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śata

śata - hundred

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - specifies 'three' hundreds (three)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tri

tri - three

च (ca) - connects 'three hundreds' with 'fifty' (and)

(indeclinable)

अनघाः (anaghāḥ) - an address to the audience, signifying purity or high moral standing (O blameless ones, O sinless ones)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, plural of anagha

anagha - sinless, blameless, pure, faultless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (na+agha)

• na – not, no, non-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil, distress
  noun (neuter)