महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-192

यत्र तान्क्षत्रियाञ्शूरान्दिष्टान्ताननिवर्तिनः ।
पुत्रान्भ्रातॄन्पितॄंश्चैव ददृशुर्निहतान्रणे ॥१९२॥

192. yatra tānkṣatriyāñśūrāndiṣṭāntānanivartinaḥ ,
putrānbhrātṝnpitṝṁścaiva dadṛśurnihatānraṇe.

192. yatra tān kṣatriyān śūrān diṣṭān tān anivartinaḥ
putrān bhrātṝn pitṝn ca eva dadṛśuḥ nihatān raṇe

192. In which (Parva) they saw those valiant Kṣatriyas—those fated ones who never returned—their sons, brothers, and even their fathers, all slain in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - in which (Parva) (where, in which, in which case)

• तान् (tān) - those (warriors) (those)

• क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - the Kṣatriyas (warriors, kṣatriyas)

• शूरान् (śūrān) - valiant (warriors) (brave, valiant, heroic)

• दिष्टान् (diṣṭān) - the fated ones (destined, fated, appointed)

• तान् (tān) - those (fated ones) (those)

• अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - those who did not return (from battle, i.e., died) (not returning, unreturning, not fleeing)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons (sons, children)

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers

• च (ca) - and (even) (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - even (emphasizing fathers) (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they (the women) saw (they saw, they beheld)

• निहतान् (nihatān) - (all) slain (slain, killed, struck down)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - in which (Parva) (where, in which, in which case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the Strī Parva.

तान् (tān) - those (warriors) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to `kṣatriyān`.

क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - the Kṣatriyas (warriors, kṣatriyas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, warrior, ruler

शूरान् (śūrān) - valiant (warriors) (brave, valiant, heroic)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic; a hero, warrior

Note: Agrees with `kṣatriyān`.

दिष्टान् (diṣṭān) - the fated ones (destined, fated, appointed)

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, plural of diṣṭa

diṣṭa - destined, fated, appointed, ordered

past passive participle

from root diś

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `kṣatriyān`.

तान् (tān) - those (fated ones) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Repetition for emphasis, refers to the same group.

अनिवर्तिनः (anivartinaḥ) - those who did not return (from battle, i.e., died) (not returning, unreturning, not fleeing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not returning, not retreating, standing firm, fallen (in battle)

agent noun

negative prefix 'a' + root vṛt with prefix 'ni'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi-prādi (a+nivartin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nivartin – returning, retreating
  adjective
  agent noun
  from root vṛt with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `kṣatriyān`.

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of `dadṛśuḥ`.

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of `dadṛśuḥ`.

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - fathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Object of `dadṛśuḥ`.

च (ca) - and (even) (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Links the list of relatives.

एव (eva) - even (emphasizing fathers) (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they (the women) saw (they saw, they beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dadṛśu

Perfect form of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied women/wives.

निहतान् (nihatān) - (all) slain (slain, killed, struck down)

(nominal form)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, destroyed, struck down

past passive participle

from root han with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `putrān`, `bhrātṝn`, `pitṝn`.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)