महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-140

संजयं प्रेषयामास शमार्थं पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
यत्र दूतं महाराजो धृतराष्ट्रः प्रतापवान् ॥१४०॥

140. saṁjayaṁ preṣayāmāsa śamārthaṁ pāṇḍavānprati ,
yatra dūtaṁ mahārājo dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ pratāpavān.

140. saṃjayam preṣayāmāsa śamārtham pāṇḍavān prati
yatra dūtam mahārājaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ pratāpavān

140. Thereupon, the powerful King Dhṛtarāṣṭra sent Saṃjaya as an envoy to the Pāṇḍavas for the purpose of peace.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयम् (saṁjayam) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent, dispatched

• शमार्थम् (śamārtham) - for peace (for the purpose of peace, for peace)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to (the Pāṇḍavas) (towards, to, against)

• यत्र (yatra) - at which point, then (where, in which case, when)

• दूतम् (dūtam) - as an envoy (messenger, envoy)

• महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - the great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (great king, emperor)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name))

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, majestic (glorious, powerful, majestic)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयम् (saṁjayam) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (the charioteer and minister of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent, dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of iṣ

causative perfect

Perfect active 3rd person singular, from causative of root iṣ with prefix pra, formed with auxiliary kṛ ('āmāsa')

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

शमार्थम् (śamārtham) - for peace (for the purpose of peace, for peace)

(indeclinable)

Compound of śama (peace) and artha (purpose, sake)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śama+artha)

• śama – peace, tranquility, calm
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śam (class 4)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Treated as an adverbial compound meaning 'for the sake of X'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

patronymic

from Pāṇḍu + a (suffix)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to (the Pāṇḍavas) (towards, to, against)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as a preposition.

यत्र (yatra) - at which point, then (where, in which case, when)

(indeclinable)

दूतम् (dūtam) - as an envoy (messenger, envoy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy, ambassador

root dū (to go) + ta (suffix)

Root: dū (class 1)

महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - the great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (great king, emperor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

compound of mahat (great) and rājan (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

literally 'he who holds the kingdom'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  from root dhṛ 'to hold'
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, majestic (glorious, powerful, majestic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, majestic, splendid

possessive suffix -vat

from pratāpa (power, glory) + vat (possessive suffix)