महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-150

यत्र राज्ञा उलूकस्य प्रेषणं पाण्डवान्प्रति ।
श्वोभाविनि महायुद्धे दूत्येन क्रूरवादिना ।
रथातिरथसंख्यानमम्बोपाख्यानमेव च ॥१५०॥

150. yatra rājñā ulūkasya preṣaṇaṁ pāṇḍavānprati ,
śvobhāvini mahāyuddhe dūtyena krūravādinā ,
rathātirathasaṁkhyānamambopākhyānameva ca.

150. yatra rājñā ulūkasya preṣaṇam
pāṇḍavān prati śvobhāvini mahāyuddhe
dūtyena krūravādinā
rathātirathasaṅkhyānam ambopākhyānam eva ca

150. Where the king's dispatch of Ulūka with a harsh message to the Pāṇḍavas concerning the great war to take place tomorrow (is recounted); and also the enumeration of Rathas and Atirathas, and the narrative of Ambā.

150. ושם המלך שלח את אוּלוּקַה אל בני פָּאנְדוּ כשליח בעל דברים אכזריים, לקראת המלחמה הגדולה שתפרוץ מחר, וכן נמנו בעלי המרכבות והאדירים שבהם, וסיפור אַמְבָּה.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where (in this context of the epic) (where, in which place)

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Duryodhana or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by the king)

• उलूकस्य (ulūkasya) - of Ulūka (of Ulūka (proper name))

• प्रेषणम् (preṣaṇam) - the sending/dispatch (of Ulūka) (sending, dispatch)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (accusative))

• प्रति (prati) - to, towards (towards, to, against)

• श्वोभाविनि (śvobhāvini) - (in) the great war occurring tomorrow (occurring tomorrow, about to happen tomorrow)

• महायुद्धे (mahāyuddhe) - in the great war

• दूत्येन (dūtyena) - by means of an embassy/message (by an embassy, by means of a message)

• क्रूरवादिना (krūravādinā) - by the cruel speaker (Ulūka) (by one speaking harshly/cruelly)

• रथातिरथसङ्ख्यानम् (rathātirathasaṅkhyānam) - the enumeration of warriors categorized as Rathas and Atirathas (enumeration of Rathas and Atirathas (classes of warriors))

• अम्बोपाख्यानम् (ambopākhyānam) - the narrative of Ambā (the story of Amba)

• एव (eva) - also, indeed (indeed, only, just)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where (in this context of the epic) (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

derived from pronominal root `ya`

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king (Duryodhana or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

उलूकस्य (ulūkasya) - of Ulūka (of Ulūka (proper name))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ulūka

ulūka - Ulūka (proper name, son of Śakuni, messenger to the Pandavas), owl

प्रेषणम् (preṣaṇam) - the sending/dispatch (of Ulūka) (sending, dispatch)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of preṣaṇa

preṣaṇa - sending, dispatching, message

action noun

from root `iṣ` (to send) with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - to the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas (collective)

patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

प्रति (prati) - to, towards (towards, to, against)

(indeclinable)

Governing the accusative.

श्वोभाविनि (śvobhāvini) - (in) the great war occurring tomorrow (occurring tomorrow, about to happen tomorrow)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śvobhāvin

śvobhāvin - about to be tomorrow, future, impending

compound of `śvas` (tomorrow) and `bhāvin` (being, becoming).

Compound type : avyayībhāva or tatpuruṣa (śvas+bhāvin)

• śvas – tomorrow
  indeclinable
• bhāvin – being, becoming, future, imminent
  adjective (participle) (masculine)
  agent noun/participle
  from root `bhū`
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `mahāyuddhe`.

महायुद्धे (mahāyuddhe) - in the great war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahāyuddha

mahāyuddha - great war, great battle

Compound type : karma.dhāraya (mahā+yuddha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  action noun/past passive participle
  from root `yudh`
  Root: yudh (class 4)

दूत्येन (dūtyena) - by means of an embassy/message (by an embassy, by means of a message)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dūtya

dūtya - embassy, message, duty of a messenger

derived from `dūta` (messenger)

क्रूरवादिना (krūravādinā) - by the cruel speaker (Ulūka) (by one speaking harshly/cruelly)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krūravādin

krūravādin - speaking harshly, cruel speaker

agent noun

compound of `krūra` (cruel) and `vādin` (speaker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krūra+vādin)

• krūra – cruel, harsh, fierce
  adjective (masculine)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, proclaiming
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from root `vad` (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying the implied messenger (Ulūka).

रथातिरथसङ्ख्यानम् (rathātirathasaṅkhyānam) - the enumeration of warriors categorized as Rathas and Atirathas (enumeration of Rathas and Atirathas (classes of warriors))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rathātirathasaṅkhyāna

rathātirathasaṅkhyāna - enumeration of Rathas and Atirathas (types of warriors)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (ratha+atiratha+sankhyāna)

• ratha – chariot, a warrior fighting from a chariot
  noun (masculine)
• atiratha – a superior warrior, one who can fight many Rathas
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ati
• sankhyāna – counting, enumeration, calculation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from khyā + sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: khyā (class 2)

अम्बोपाख्यानम् (ambopākhyānam) - the narrative of Ambā (the story of Amba)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ambopākhyāna

ambopākhyāna - the episode/narrative of Ambā

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambā+upākhyāna)

• ambā – Ambā (a proper name), mother
  noun (feminine)
• upākhyāna – narrative, episode, subordinate story
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from `khyā` with `upa` and `ā`
  Prefixes: upa+ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

एव (eva) - also, indeed (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

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