महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-17

त्रयो गुल्मा गणो नाम वाहिनी तु गणास्त्रयः ।
स्मृतास्तिस्रस्तु वाहिन्यः पृतनेति विचक्षणैः ॥१७॥

17. trayo gulmā gaṇo nāma vāhinī tu gaṇāstrayaḥ ,
smṛtāstisrastu vāhinyaḥ pṛtaneti vicakṣaṇaiḥ.

17. trayaḥ gulmāḥ gaṇaḥ nāma vāhinī tu gaṇāḥ trayaḥ |
smṛtāḥ tisraḥ tu vāhinyaḥ pṛtanā iti vicakṣaṇaiḥ

17. Three 'gulmas' form a 'gaṇa', and three 'gaṇas' form a 'vāhinī'. Three 'vāhinīs' are designated a 'pṛtanā' by the wise.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• गुल्माः (gulmāḥ) - 'gulmas' (gulmas (army units))

• गणः (gaṇaḥ) - a 'gaṇa' (the army unit being named) (multitude, troop, host, army division (three gulmas))

• नाम (nāma) - by name, is called (by name, indeed, namely)

• वाहिनी (vāhinī) - a 'vāhinī' (the army unit) (army, troop, a specific army division (three gaṇas))

• तु (tu) - and, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• गणाः (gaṇāḥ) - 'gaṇas' (multitudes, troops, army divisions)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are designated, are considered (remembered, considered, declared)

• तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• वाहिन्यः (vāhinyaḥ) - 'vāhinīs' (armies, troops, army divisions)

• पृतना (pṛtanā) - a 'pṛtanā' (battle, army, a specific army division (three vāhinīs))

• इति (iti) - as, thus (thus, in this manner, as)

• विचक्षणैः (vicakṣaṇaiḥ) - by the discerning experts (by the discerning, by the wise)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'gulmāḥ'.

गुल्माः (gulmāḥ) - 'gulmas' (gulmas (army units))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gulma

gulma - bush, cluster, army division (specific size)

Note: Subject.

गणः (gaṇaḥ) - a 'gaṇa' (the army unit being named) (multitude, troop, host, army division (three gulmas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaṇa

gaṇa - multitude, troop, host, group, army division

Note: Predicate nominative.

नाम (nāma) - by name, is called (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage to indicate naming.

वाहिनी (vāhinī) - a 'vāhinī' (the army unit) (army, troop, a specific army division (three gaṇas))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāhinī

vāhinī - an army, host, troop, a specific military division

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - and, but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, marks a slight transition or emphasis.

गणाः (gaṇāḥ) - 'gaṇas' (multitudes, troops, army divisions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaṇa

gaṇa - multitude, troop, host, group, army division

Note: Predicate nominative (implied verb 'are').

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'gaṇāḥ'.

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are designated, are considered (remembered, considered, declared)

(nominal form)

Nominative, feminine, plural of smṛ

smṛ - to remember, to recall

past passive participle

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: It is a past passive participle, here functioning as a predicate adjective with an implied 'are'.

तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'vāhinyaḥ'.

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वाहिन्यः (vāhinyaḥ) - 'vāhinīs' (armies, troops, army divisions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāhinī

vāhinī - an army, host, troop, a specific military division

Note: Subject.

पृतना (pṛtanā) - a 'pṛtanā' (battle, army, a specific army division (three vāhinīs))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛtanā

pṛtanā - battle, combat, army, host, a specific military division

Note: Predicate nominative.

इति (iti) - as, thus (thus, in this manner, as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle used to indicate a definition or name.

विचक्षणैः (vicakṣaṇaiḥ) - by the discerning experts (by the discerning, by the wise)

(adjective)

masculine, plural of vicakṣaṇa

vicakṣaṇa - discerning, wise, clever, skilled

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Agent in a passive construction.