महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-201

अत ऊर्ध्वं तु विज्ञेयमानुशासनमुत्तमम् ।
यत्र प्रकृतिमापन्नः श्रुत्वा धर्मविनिश्चयम् ।
भीष्माद्भागीरथीपुत्रात्कुरुराजो युधिष्ठिरः ॥२०१॥

201. ata ūrdhvaṁ tu vijñeyamānuśāsanamuttamam ,
yatra prakṛtimāpannaḥ śrutvā dharmaviniścayam ,
bhīṣmādbhāgīrathīputrātkururājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

201. ataḥ ūrdhvam tu vijñeyam anuśāsanam
uttamam yatra prakṛtim āpannaḥ
śrutvā dharmaviniscayam bhīṣmāt
bhāgīrathīputrāt kururājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

201. After this, indeed, the excellent Anuśāsana (Parva) is to be known. In that (section), King Yudhishthira of the Kurus, the son of Bhagirathi (Bhishma), having regained his composure (or attained his natural state), heard the definitive resolution of dharma.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - following this (section), hereafter (hence, therefore, after this)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - subsequently, next (upwards, afterwards, further)

• तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, however)

• विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - should be recognized or studied (to be known, to be understood)

• अनुशासनम् (anuśāsanam) - the section of the Mahabharata named Anuśāsana Parva (instruction, command, the Anuśāsana Parva)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - of highest quality, important (excellent, best, supreme)

• यत्र (yatra) - in that (section) (where, in which (case))

• प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - his original disposition or composure (nature, original form, normal state)

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having regained, having settled into (his true nature/composure) (having obtained, attained, fallen into, reached)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after listening to (having heard)

• धर्मविनिस्चयम् (dharmaviniscayam) - the definitive understanding of righteousness (ascertainment of dharma, decision about duty)

• भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma's teachings (from Bhishma)

• भागीरथीपुत्रात् (bhāgīrathīputrāt) - from Bhishma, son of Ganga (from the son of Bhagirathi (Ganga))

• कुरुराजः (kururājaḥ) - the sovereign of the Kuru dynasty (king of Kurus)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira (proper name))

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - following this (section), hereafter (hence, therefore, after this)

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'ad' (this)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - subsequently, next (upwards, afterwards, further)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तु (tu) - indeed, for emphasis (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - should be recognized or studied (to be known, to be understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vijñeya

jñā - to know, understand

gerundive (future passive participle)

from 'jñā' with 'vi' + -ya suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'anuśāsanam'.

अनुशासनम् (anuśāsanam) - the section of the Mahabharata named Anuśāsana Parva (instruction, command, the Anuśāsana Parva)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuśāsana

anuśāsana - instruction, teaching, command, rule, the name of a book

action noun

from 'śās' (to teach, rule) with 'anu' + -ana suffix

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - of highest quality, important (excellent, best, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

superlative of 'ud' (up)

Note: Agrees with 'anuśāsanam'.

यत्र (yatra) - in that (section) (where, in which (case))

(indeclinable)

प्रकृतिम् (prakṛtim) - his original disposition or composure (nature, original form, normal state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, original form, primary matter, source, character, disposition

from 'kṛ' (to do) with 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'āpannaḥ'.

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having regained, having settled into (his true nature/composure) (having obtained, attained, fallen into, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āp - to obtain, reach, attain, get

past passive participle

from 'āp' with 'ā' + -na suffix (irregular for some roots)

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'yudhiṣṭhiraḥ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after listening to (having heard)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed with -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

धर्मविनिस्चयम् (dharmaviniscayam) - the definitive understanding of righteousness (ascertainment of dharma, decision about duty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmaviniścaya

dharmaviniścaya - ascertainment of dharma, decisive conclusion about duty

action noun

Compound of 'dharma' and 'viniścaya' (determination).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+viniścaya)

• dharma – duty, righteousness, law, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• viniścaya – ascertainment, determination, decision
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from 'ci' (to gather, observe) with 'vi' and 'nis'
  Prefixes: vi+nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

भीष्मात् (bhīṣmāt) - from Bhishma's teachings (from Bhishma)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; name of a Mahabharata character

from 'bhī' (to fear) + -ṣma

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Source from whom Yudhishthira heard.

भागीरथीपुत्रात् (bhāgīrathīputrāt) - from Bhishma, son of Ganga (from the son of Bhagirathi (Ganga))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhāgīrathīputra

bhāgīrathīputra - son of Bhagirathi (Ganga), an epithet for Bhishma

Compound of 'bhāgīrathī' (Ganga) and 'putra' (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāgīrathī+putra)

• bhāgīrathī – river Ganga (daughter of Bhagiratha)
  noun (feminine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition with 'bhīṣmāt'.

कुरुराजः (kururājaḥ) - the sovereign of the Kuru dynasty (king of Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kururāja

kururāja - king of the Kurus

Compound of 'kuru' and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+rājan)

• kuru – name of an ancient tribe/dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: In apposition with 'yudhiṣṭhiraḥ'.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steady in battle, firm in war; name of the eldest Pandava

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (locative not lost) (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of 'yudh')
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  from 'sthā' (to stand) + -ira
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'śrutvā' (implied) and 'āpannaḥ'.