महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-120

अष्टावक्रीयमत्रैव विवादे यत्र बन्दिनम् ।
विजित्य सागरं प्राप्तं पितरं लब्धवानृषिः ॥१२०॥

120. aṣṭāvakrīyamatraiva vivāde yatra bandinam ,
vijitya sāgaraṁ prāptaṁ pitaraṁ labdhavānṛṣiḥ.

120. aṣṭāvakrīyam atra eva vivāde yatra bandinam
vijitya sāgaram prāptam pitaram labdhavān ṛṣiḥ

120. This section also contains the narrative of Aṣṭāvakra, where the sage, by defeating Bandin in a debate, regained his father, who had been thrown into the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• अष्टावक्रीयम् (aṣṭāvakrīyam) - the account relating to Aṣṭāvakra (the story/narrative of Aṣṭāvakra)

• अत्र (atra) - in this context (of the text) (here, in this place)

• एव (eva) - exactly, specifically (emphasizing 'here') (only, just, indeed)

• विवादे (vivāde) - in the intellectual contest (in a debate, in a dispute)

• यत्र (yatra) - in which (event or story) (where, in which)

• बन्दिनम् (bandinam) - (the Brahmin) Bandin (Bandin (accusative))

• विजित्य (vijitya) - after defeating (having conquered, having defeated)

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - into the ocean (the ocean, the sea)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - who had been thrown into / consigned to (obtained, reached, arrived; one who has reached)

• पितरम् (pitaram) - his (Aṣṭāvakra's) father (father (accusative))

• लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - he (Aṣṭāvakra) regained (he obtained, he gained)

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - (the sage Aṣṭāvakra) (sage, seer)

Words meanings and morphology

अष्टावक्रीयम् (aṣṭāvakrīyam) - the account relating to Aṣṭāvakra (the story/narrative of Aṣṭāvakra)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṣṭāvakrīya

aṣṭāvakrīya - relating to or concerning Aṣṭāvakra; the story of Aṣṭāvakra

Derived from the proper noun Aṣṭāvakra with suffix -īya.

Note: Implied 'ākhyānam' (story/narrative).

अत्र (atra) - in this context (of the text) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - exactly, specifically (emphasizing 'here') (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

विवादे (vivāde) - in the intellectual contest (in a debate, in a dispute)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vivāda

vivāda - a debate, dispute, controversy, argument

action noun

From vi + vad (to speak).

Prefix: vi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Refers to the famous debate between Aṣṭāvakra and Bandin.

यत्र (yatra) - in which (event or story) (where, in which)

(indeclinable)

Locative of the pronominal stem ya-.

बन्दिनम् (bandinam) - (the Brahmin) Bandin (Bandin (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bandin

bandin - a bard, panegyrist; name of the son of Varuṇa and rival of Kahora (Aṣṭāvakra's father)

Note: Direct object of 'vijitya' (having conquered).

विजित्य (vijitya) - after defeating (having conquered, having defeated)

(verb)

active, past of vijī

absolutive

From prefix vi + root jī (to conquer), with the suffix -tya forming an absolutive.

Prefix: vi

Root: jī (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is Aṣṭāvakra (ṛṣiḥ).

सागरम् (sāgaram) - into the ocean (the ocean, the sea)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - the ocean, the sea

Note: Directional accusative indicating 'into' the ocean.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - who had been thrown into / consigned to (obtained, reached, arrived; one who has reached)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived; one who has obtained or reached

past passive participle

From prefix pra + root āp (to obtain, reach), with the suffix -ta.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'pitaram'.

पितरम् (pitaram) - his (Aṣṭāvakra's) father (father (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Direct object of 'labdhavān' (obtained).

लब्धवान् (labdhavān) - he (Aṣṭāvakra) regained (he obtained, he gained)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labh

labh - to obtain, to gain, to get, to acquire

perfect active participle

Derived from root labh with suffix -vat, forming a past active participle.

Root: labh (class 1)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - (the sage Aṣṭāvakra) (sage, seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a sage, inspired poet, seer; a saint