महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-2, verse-191

अत ऊर्ध्वमिदं प्राहुः स्त्रीपर्व करुणोदयम् ।
विलापो वीरपत्नीनां यत्रातिकरुणः स्मृतः ।
क्रोधावेशः प्रसादश्च गान्धारीधृतराष्ट्रयोः ॥१९१॥

191. ata ūrdhvamidaṁ prāhuḥ strīparva karuṇodayam ,
vilāpo vīrapatnīnāṁ yatrātikaruṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
krodhāveśaḥ prasādaśca gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭrayoḥ.

191. ataḥ ūrdhvam idam prāhuḥ strīparva
karuṇodayam vilāpaḥ vīrapatnīnām
yatra atikaruṇaḥ smṛtaḥ krodhāveśaḥ
prasādaḥ ca gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭrayoḥ

191. After this, they speak of this Strī Parva, which evokes great compassion. In it, the lamentation of the heroes' wives is described as extremely pitiable, and also the surge of anger and the subsequent pacification of Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - after this (Parva) (thereupon, hence, from this)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (this) (upwards, above, afterwards, beyond)

• इदम् (idam) - this (Strī Parva) (this)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (scholars/narrators) call (it) (they say, they declare, they speak of)

• स्त्रीपर्व (strīparva) - the Strī Parva (name of the book) (the book of women)

• करुणोदयम् (karuṇodayam) - filled with sorrow, evoking compassion (causing compassion, arising of pity)

• विलापः (vilāpaḥ) - the lamentation (lamentation, wailing, weeping)

• वीरपत्नीनाम् (vīrapatnīnām) - of the heroes' wives (of the wives of heroes)

• यत्र (yatra) - in which (Parva) (where, in which, in which case)

• अतिकरुणः (atikaruṇaḥ) - extremely pitiable (very pitiable, exceedingly compassionate)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is described (as being) (remembered, recollected, considered)

• क्रोधावेशः (krodhāveśaḥ) - the surge of anger (access of anger, wrathful outburst)

• प्रसादः (prasādaḥ) - the placation/calm (clearness, serenity, favor, grace, reconciliation)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• गान्धारीधृतराष्ट्रयोः (gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭrayoḥ) - of Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - after this (Parva) (thereupon, hence, from this)

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - after (this) (upwards, above, afterwards, beyond)

(indeclinable)

Note: Acts as an adverb.

इदम् (idam) - this (Strī Parva) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to `strīparva`.

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they (scholars/narrators) call (it) (they say, they declare, they speak of)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of prāhu

root ah (to say) with pra

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

स्त्रीपर्व (strīparva) - the Strī Parva (name of the book) (the book of women)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of strīparvan

strīparvan - the book of women (name of a Parva)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strī+parvan)

• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
• parvan – section, chapter, book
  noun (neuter)

करुणोदयम् (karuṇodayam) - filled with sorrow, evoking compassion (causing compassion, arising of pity)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karuṇodaya

karuṇodaya - rise of compassion, full of sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karuṇā+udaya)

• karuṇā – compassion, pity, tenderness
  noun (feminine)
• udaya – rising, increase, prosperity, source
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root i with prefix ut
  Prefix: ut
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `strīparva`.

विलापः (vilāpaḥ) - the lamentation (lamentation, wailing, weeping)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilāpa

vilāpa - lamentation, wailing, weeping

action noun

from root lap with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

वीरपत्नीनाम् (vīrapatnīnām) - of the heroes' wives (of the wives of heroes)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of vīrapatnī

vīrapatnī - wife of a hero

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+patnī)

• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• patnī – wife, mistress
  noun (feminine)

यत्र (yatra) - in which (Parva) (where, in which, in which case)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the Strī Parva.

अतिकरुणः (atikaruṇaḥ) - extremely pitiable (very pitiable, exceedingly compassionate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atikaruṇa

atikaruṇa - very compassionate, exceedingly pitiable

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (ati+karuṇa)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• karuṇa – compassionate, pitiable, sad
  adjective

Note: Agrees with `vilāpaḥ`.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is described (as being) (remembered, recollected, considered)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, traditional, taught

past passive participle

from root smṛ

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vilāpaḥ`.

क्रोधावेशः (krodhāveśaḥ) - the surge of anger (access of anger, wrathful outburst)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhāveśa

krodhāveśa - access of anger, wrathful outburst

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+āveśa)

• krodha – anger, wrath, rage
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root krudh
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• āveśa – entering, inspiration, passion, fury
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root viś with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

प्रसादः (prasādaḥ) - the placation/calm (clearness, serenity, favor, grace, reconciliation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - clearness, serenity, favor, grace, placation, reconciliation

action noun

from root sad with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

गान्धारीधृतराष्ट्रयोः (gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭrayoḥ) - of Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭra

gāndhārīdhṛtarāṣṭra - Gāndhārī and Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Compound type : dvandva (gāndhārī+dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• gāndhārī – Gāndhārī (wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
  noun (feminine)
• dhṛtarāṣṭra – Dhṛtarāṣṭra (king of the Kurus)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dual for the pair.