मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-94
गौडी पैष्टी च माध्वी च विज्ञेया त्रिविधा सुरा ।
यथैवैका तथा सर्वा न पातव्या द्विजोत्तमैः ॥९४॥
यथैवैका तथा सर्वा न पातव्या द्विजोत्तमैः ॥९४॥
94. gauḍī paiṣṭī ca mādhvī ca vijñeyā trividhā surā ,
yathaivaikā tathā sarvā na pātavyā dvijottamaiḥ.
yathaivaikā tathā sarvā na pātavyā dvijottamaiḥ.
94.
gauḍī paiṣṭī ca mādhvī ca vijñeyā trividhā surā
yathā eva ekā tathā sarvāḥ na pātavyāḥ dvijottamaiḥ
yathā eva ekā tathā sarvāḥ na pātavyāḥ dvijottamaiḥ
94.
gauḍī ca paiṣṭī ca mādhvī ca trividhā surā vijñeyā
yathā ekā eva tathā sarvāḥ dvijottamaiḥ na pātavyāḥ
yathā ekā eva tathā sarvāḥ dvijottamaiḥ na pātavyāḥ
94.
Gauḍī, Paiṣṭī, and Mādhvī are to be known as the three kinds of liquor (surā). Just as one (type is prohibited), so all of them should not be drunk by the best among the twice-born (dvija).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गौडी (gauḍī) - liquor made from molasses/treacle
- पैष्टी (paiṣṭī) - liquor made from rice-flour
- च (ca) - and, also
- माध्वी (mādhvī) - liquor made from honey
- च (ca) - and, also
- विज्ञेया (vijñeyā) - should be known, is to be understood
- त्रिविधा (trividhā) - of three kinds, threefold
- सुरा (surā) - liquor, spirituous liquor
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
- एव (eva) - even, just, only
- एका (ekā) - one type (of liquor) (one, a single one)
- तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner
- सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all types (of liquor) (all, whole, every)
- न (na) - not, no
- पातव्याः (pātavyāḥ) - should not be drunk (should be drunk, fit to be drunk)
- द्विजोत्तमैः (dvijottamaiḥ) - by Brahmins (especially those following strict codes) (by the best of the twice-born)
Words meanings and morphology
गौडी (gauḍī) - liquor made from molasses/treacle
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gauḍī
gauḍī - liquor made from molasses or treacle
पैष्टी (paiṣṭī) - liquor made from rice-flour
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of paiṣṭī
paiṣṭī - liquor made from rice-flour or pounded grain
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
माध्वी (mādhvī) - liquor made from honey
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mādhvī
mādhvī - liquor made from honey, mead
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
विज्ञेया (vijñeyā) - should be known, is to be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vijñeya
vijñeya - to be known, to be understood, comprehensible
Gerundive
Gerundive from √jñā with prefix vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Agrees with 'surā'.
त्रिविधा (trividhā) - of three kinds, threefold
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of trividha
trividha - of three kinds, threefold
Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+vidha)
- tri – three
numeral (masculine/feminine/neuter) - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'surā'.
सुरा (surā) - liquor, spirituous liquor
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of surā
surā - liquor, spirituous liquor, wine
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
(indeclinable)
Note: Correlates with 'tathā'.
एव (eva) - even, just, only
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis.
एका (ekā) - one type (of liquor) (one, a single one)
(numeral)
Note: Refers to 'surā'.
तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner
(indeclinable)
Note: Correlates with 'yathā'.
सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all types (of liquor) (all, whole, every)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, whole, every
Note: Refers to the types of 'surā'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle.
पातव्याः (pātavyāḥ) - should not be drunk (should be drunk, fit to be drunk)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of pātavya
pātavya - to be drunk, fit to be drunk
Gerundive
Gerundive from √pā
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `sarvāḥ`.
द्विजोत्तमैः (dvijottamaiḥ) - by Brahmins (especially those following strict codes) (by the best of the twice-born)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born (dvija), chief of Brahmins
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born; Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; bird, tooth
noun (masculine) - uttama – best, highest, excellent
adjective (masculine)
Note: Agent in passive construction.