मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-123
तेभ्यो लब्धेन भैक्षेण वर्तयन्नेककालिकम ।
उपस्पृशंस्त्रिषवणं त्वब्देन स विशुध्यति ॥१२३॥
उपस्पृशंस्त्रिषवणं त्वब्देन स विशुध्यति ॥१२३॥
123. tebhyo labdhena bhaikṣeṇa vartayannekakālikam ,
upaspṛśaṁstriṣavaṇaṁ tvabdena sa viśudhyati.
upaspṛśaṁstriṣavaṇaṁ tvabdena sa viśudhyati.
123.
tebhyaḥ labdhena bhaikṣeṇa vartayan ekakālikam
upasṛśan triṣavaṇam tu abdena saḥ viśudhyati
upasṛśan triṣavaṇam tu abdena saḥ viśudhyati
123.
tebhyaḥ labdhena bhaikṣeṇa ekakālikam vartayan
triṣavaṇam upasṛśan tu saḥ abdena viśudhyati
triṣavaṇam upasṛśan tu saḥ abdena viśudhyati
123.
Living by means of alms obtained from them, partaking of food only once a day, and performing ritual ablutions thrice daily, he becomes purified within a year.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from those (from whom alms are sought) (to them, from them)
- लब्धेन (labdhena) - by means of what was obtained (as alms) (by what was obtained, by the obtained)
- भैक्षेण (bhaikṣeṇa) - by means of food obtained through begging (by alms, by begging)
- वर्तयन् (vartayan) - maintaining his life (maintaining oneself, living, existing)
- एककालिकम् (ekakālikam) - eating only one meal a day (once daily, at one time)
- उपसृशन् (upasṛśan) - performing ritual purifications (performing ritual ablution, touching water)
- त्रिषवणम् (triṣavaṇam) - at morning, noon, and evening (thrice daily, at the three junctures)
- तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (but, on the other hand, indeed)
- अब्देन (abdena) - within a period of one year (by a year, in a year)
- सः (saḥ) - that person (performing the penance) (he)
- विशुध्यति (viśudhyati) - attains purity from his actions (becomes pure, is purified)
Words meanings and morphology
तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - from those (from whom alms are sought) (to them, from them)
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Sandhi from tebhyaḥ
लब्धेन (labdhena) - by means of what was obtained (as alms) (by what was obtained, by the obtained)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of labdha
labdha - obtained, gained, received
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root labh (to obtain) with suffix -kta
Root: labh (class 1)
Note: Refers to bhaikṣeṇa.
भैक्षेण (bhaikṣeṇa) - by means of food obtained through begging (by alms, by begging)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa
bhaikṣa - alms, food obtained by begging
Derived from bhikṣā (alms)
वर्तयन् (vartayan) - maintaining his life (maintaining oneself, living, existing)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vartayat
vartayat - living, existing, causing to turn
Present Active Participle
From root vṛt (to be, exist, turn) in causative with śatṛ suffix.
Root: vṛt (class 1)
एककालिकम् (ekakālikam) - eating only one meal a day (once daily, at one time)
(indeclinable)
From eka (one) + kāla (time) + ika (suffix)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+kālika)
- eka – one, single
numeral - kālika – relating to time, temporal, timely
adjective
Derived from kāla (time)
Note: Used adverbially.
उपसृशन् (upasṛśan) - performing ritual purifications (performing ritual ablution, touching water)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upasṛśat
upasṛśat - touching, performing ablution
Present Active Participle
From root spṛś (to touch) with upasarga upa and śatṛ suffix.
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: Sandhi from upasṛśan.
त्रिषवणम् (triṣavaṇam) - at morning, noon, and evening (thrice daily, at the three junctures)
(indeclinable)
Compound of tri (three) and savana (juncture/ablution)
Compound type : dvigu (tri+savana)
- tri – three
numeral - savana – pressing, sacrifice, morning, noon, evening (junctions for ritual)
noun (neuter)
From root su (to press)
Root: su (class 2)
Note: Used adverbially.
तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the condition) (but, on the other hand, indeed)
(indeclinable)
अब्देन (abdena) - within a period of one year (by a year, in a year)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of abda
abda - year
सः (saḥ) - that person (performing the penance) (he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Sandhi from saḥ.
विशुध्यति (viśudhyati) - attains purity from his actions (becomes pure, is purified)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of viśudh
present active
From root śudh (to purify, cleanse) with upasarga vi.
Prefix: vi
Root: śudh (class 4)