मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-54
ब्रह्महत्या सुरापानं स्तेयं गुर्वङ्गनागमः ।
महान्ति पातकान्याहुः संसर्गश्चापि तैः सह ॥५४॥
महान्ति पातकान्याहुः संसर्गश्चापि तैः सह ॥५४॥
54. brahmahatyā surāpānaṁ steyaṁ gurvaṅganāgamaḥ ,
mahānti pātakānyāhuḥ saṁsargaścāpi taiḥ saha.
mahānti pātakānyāhuḥ saṁsargaścāpi taiḥ saha.
54.
brahmahatyā surāpānam steyam gurvaṅganāgamaḥ
mahānti pātakāni āhuḥ saṃsargaḥ ca api taiḥ saha
mahānti pātakāni āhuḥ saṃsargaḥ ca api taiḥ saha
54.
brahmahatyā surāpānam steyam gurvaṅganāgamaḥ
mahānti pātakāni āhuḥ ca api taiḥ saha saṃsargaḥ
mahānti pātakāni āhuḥ ca api taiḥ saha saṃsargaḥ
54.
Killing a brahmin, drinking liquor, theft, and cohabiting with the wife of a guru (guru) are declared to be great sins. Moreover, association with such [sinners] is also [a great sin].
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - killing of a brahmin, murder of a learned person
- सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - drinking of spirituous liquor, intoxication from alcohol
- स्तेयम् (steyam) - theft, stealing, robbery
- गुर्वङ्गनागमः (gurvaṅganāgamaḥ) - sexual intercourse with the wife of a guru (guru)
- महान्ति (mahānti) - great, large, severe, important
- पातकानि (pātakāni) - sins, major offenses, transgressions
- आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call
- संसर्गः (saṁsargaḥ) - association, contact, connection
- च (ca) - and, also
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- तैः (taiḥ) - with these sinners (perpetrators of the great sins) (by them, with them (masculine/neuter plural))
- सह (saha) - with, together with
Words meanings and morphology
ब्रह्महत्या (brahmahatyā) - killing of a brahmin, murder of a learned person
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā
brahmahatyā - killing of a brahmin, murder of a learned person
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+hatyā)
- brahman – brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman)
noun (masculine) - hatyā – killing, murder, slaughter
noun (feminine)
verbal derivative
From root `han` (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: One of the 'mahāpātakas' (great sins).
सुरापानम् (surāpānam) - drinking of spirituous liquor, intoxication from alcohol
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of surāpāna
surāpāna - drinking of spirituous liquor, intoxication from alcohol
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (surā+pāna)
- surā – spirituous liquor, wine, alcohol
noun (feminine) - pāna – drinking, draught
noun (neuter)
verbal derivative
From root `pā` (to drink).
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Another 'mahāpātaka'.
स्तेयम् (steyam) - theft, stealing, robbery
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of steya
steya - theft, stealing, robbery
From root `sten` (to steal).
Root: sten (class 1)
Note: Another 'mahāpātaka'.
गुर्वङ्गनागमः (gurvaṅganāgamaḥ) - sexual intercourse with the wife of a guru (guru)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gurvaṅganāgama
gurvaṅganāgama - sexual intercourse with the wife of a guru (guru)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+aṅganā+āgama)
- guru – teacher, preceptor, respected elder
noun (masculine) - aṅganā – woman, wife
noun (feminine) - āgama – arrival, approach, going to, cohabitation
noun (masculine)
verbal derivative
From prefix `ā` + root `gam` (to go).
Prefix: ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Another 'mahāpātaka'.
महान्ति (mahānti) - great, large, severe, important
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of mahat
mahat - great, large, important, noble
Participle from root `mah` (to be great).
Root: mah (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `pātakāni`.
पातकानि (pātakāni) - sins, major offenses, transgressions
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of pātaka
pātaka - sin, major offense, transgression
From root `pat` (to fall) with suffix `aka`.
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Subject of `āhuḥ`.
आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they call
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of brū
perfect active indicative
Vedic perfect (lit) form, used in sense of present. Form of `brū` (2P, to speak).
Root: brū (class 2)
Note: This is an archaic perfect form used in the present sense.
संसर्गः (saṁsargaḥ) - association, contact, connection
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsarga
saṁsarga - association, contact, connection
From prefix `sam` + root `sṛj` (to mix, join).
Prefix: sam
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Refers to association with sinners.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
Note: Connects the association with the previous list of sins.
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
Particle.
तैः (taiḥ) - with these sinners (perpetrators of the great sins) (by them, with them (masculine/neuter plural))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Demonstrative pronoun.
सह (saha) - with, together with
(indeclinable)
Preposition/postposition.