मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-158
ब्रह्मचारी तु योऽश्नीयान मधु मांसं कथं चन ।
स कृत्वा प्राकृतं कृच्छ्रं व्रतशेषं समापयेत ॥१५८॥
स कृत्वा प्राकृतं कृच्छ्रं व्रतशेषं समापयेत ॥१५८॥
158. brahmacārī tu yo'śnīyān madhu māṁsaṁ kathaṁ cana ,
sa kṛtvā prākṛtaṁ kṛcchraṁ vrataśeṣaṁ samāpayet.
sa kṛtvā prākṛtaṁ kṛcchraṁ vrataśeṣaṁ samāpayet.
158.
brahmacārī tu yaḥ aśnīyāt na madhu māṃsaṃ kathaṃ cana
saḥ kṛtvā prākṛtaṃ kṛcchraṃ vrataśeṣaṃ samāpayet
saḥ kṛtvā prākṛtaṃ kṛcchraṃ vrataśeṣaṃ samāpayet
158.
tu yaḥ brahmacārī madhu māṃsaṃ kathaṃ cana na aśnīyāt
saḥ prākṛtaṃ kṛcchraṃ kṛtvā vrataśeṣaṃ samāpayet
saḥ prākṛtaṃ kṛcchraṃ kṛtvā vrataśeṣaṃ samāpayet
158.
But a Vedic student (brahmacārī) who should never consume honey or meat must perform an ordinary penance and then complete the remainder of his (brahmacarya) vow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a Vedic student, a celibate student
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
- अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat, consumes
- न (na) - not, no
- मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet thing
- मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - meat, flesh
- कथं (kathaṁ) - in any way (with 'cana' and 'na', implies 'never') (how? in what way?)
- चन (cana) - (with 'kathaṃ na' it creates a strong negative) 'in no way whatever', 'never' ((particle used with interrogatives to form indefinites or reinforce negation) ever, any)
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed
- प्राकृतं (prākṛtaṁ) - ordinary, usual, standard
- कृच्छ्रं (kṛcchraṁ) - penance, austerity, difficulty
- व्रतशेषं (vrataśeṣaṁ) - the remaining part of the brahmacarya vow (the remainder of the vow, what remains of the observance)
- समापयेत् (samāpayet) - should complete, should finish
Words meanings and morphology
ब्रह्मचारी (brahmacārī) - a Vedic student, a celibate student
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmacārin
brahmacārin - one who observes celibacy, a student of the Vedas, a celibate, an ascetic
Derived from 'brahmacarya' (Vedic study, celibacy)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+cārin)
- brahman – Veda, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality
noun (neuter) - cārin – moving, practising, observing, follower
adjective (masculine)
agent noun suffix
Derived from root 'car' (to move, to practice)
Root: car (class 1)
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat, consumes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (potential) (vidhiliṅ) of aś
Root: aś (class 9)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet thing
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of madhu
madhu - honey, sweet, wine, anything sweet
मांसं (māṁsaṁ) - meat, flesh
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa
māṁsa - meat, flesh
कथं (kathaṁ) - in any way (with 'cana' and 'na', implies 'never') (how? in what way?)
(indeclinable)
चन (cana) - (with 'kathaṃ na' it creates a strong negative) 'in no way whatever', 'never' ((particle used with interrogatives to form indefinites or reinforce negation) ever, any)
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having performed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with suffix 'ktvā'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
प्राकृतं (prākṛtaṁ) - ordinary, usual, standard
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of prākṛta
prākṛta - natural, ordinary, common, standard, normal
Derived from 'prakṛti' (nature)
कृच्छ्रं (kṛcchraṁ) - penance, austerity, difficulty
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra
kṛcchra - difficulty, penance, severe austerity, hardship
व्रतशेषं (vrataśeṣaṁ) - the remaining part of the brahmacarya vow (the remainder of the vow, what remains of the observance)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vrataśeṣa
vrataśeṣa - remainder of a vow, residual part of an observance or discipline
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrata+śeṣa)
- vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty, penance, discipline
noun (neuter) - śeṣa – remainder, residue, leftover
noun (masculine)
समापयेत् (samāpayet) - should complete, should finish
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (potential) (vidhiliṅ) of samāp
Derived from root 'āp' (to obtain, to reach) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: āp (class 5)