मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-47
प्रायश्चित्तीयतां प्राप्य दैवात पूर्वकृतेन वा ।
न संसर्गं व्रजेत सद्भिः प्रायश्चित्तेऽकृते द्विजः ॥४७॥
न संसर्गं व्रजेत सद्भिः प्रायश्चित्तेऽकृते द्विजः ॥४७॥
47. prāyaścittīyatāṁ prāpya daivāt pūrvakṛtena vā ,
na saṁsargaṁ vrajet sadbhiḥ prāyaścitte'kṛte dvijaḥ.
na saṁsargaṁ vrajet sadbhiḥ prāyaścitte'kṛte dvijaḥ.
47.
prāyaścittīyatām prāpya daivāt pūrvakṛtena vā na
saṃsargaṃ vrajeta sadbhiḥ prāyaścitte akṛte dvijaḥ
saṃsargaṃ vrajeta sadbhiḥ prāyaścitte akṛte dvijaḥ
47.
dvijaḥ daivāt vā pūrvakṛtena prāyaścittīyatām prāpya
prāyaścitte akṛte sadbhiḥ saṃsargaṃ na vrajeta
prāyaścitte akṛte sadbhiḥ saṃsargaṃ na vrajeta
47.
A twice-born (dvija), having incurred the necessity of expiation, whether by destiny or by a previously performed action (karma), should not associate with virtuous individuals until that expiation has been carried out.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रायश्चित्तीयताम् (prāyaścittīyatām) - state of needing expiation, state of being subject to penance
- प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having incurred
- दैवात् (daivāt) - from destiny, by fate, due to divine will
- पूर्वकृतेन (pūrvakṛtena) - by what was done previously, by a past action
- वा (vā) - or
- न (na) - not, no
- संसर्गं (saṁsargaṁ) - association, contact, intercourse
- व्रजेत (vrajeta) - should go, should resort to, should engage in, should obtain
- सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - with good people, with virtuous ones, with the righteous
- प्रायश्चित्ते (prāyaścitte) - in the expiation, when the expiation (is)
- अकृते (akṛte) - not performed, not done, unperformed
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born, a Brahmin
Words meanings and morphology
प्रायश्चित्तीयताम् (prāyaścittīyatām) - state of needing expiation, state of being subject to penance
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of prāyaścittīyatā
prāyaścittīyatā - the state of needing expiation, the state of being subject to penance
derived from prāyaścitta (expiation) + īya (suffix forming adjectives) + tā (suffix forming abstract nouns)
प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having incurred
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
formed from prefix pra + root āp + suffix ya
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
दैवात् (daivāt) - from destiny, by fate, due to divine will
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of daiva
daiva - destiny, fate, divine will
पूर्वकृतेन (pūrvakṛtena) - by what was done previously, by a past action
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pūrvakṛta
pūrvakṛta - done previously, a past action
Past Passive Participle (kṛta)
Compound formed from pūrva (previous) and kṛta (done)
Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+kṛta)
- pūrva – previous, former, prior
adjective (masculine) - kṛta – done, made, performed, an action
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
root kṛ + suffix kta
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: agreeing with an implicit karmaṇa
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
संसर्गं (saṁsargaṁ) - association, contact, intercourse
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃsarga
saṁsarga - association, contact, intercourse
Root: sṛj (class 6)
व्रजेत (vrajeta) - should go, should resort to, should engage in, should obtain
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vraj
Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular
root vraj + optative suffix ī + ending t
Root: vraj (class 1)
सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - with good people, with virtuous ones, with the righteous
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat
sat - good, virtuous, existing, real, a good person
Present Active Participle of as (to be)
root as + śatṛ suffix
Root: as (class 2)
Note: used as a noun here
प्रायश्चित्ते (prāyaścitte) - in the expiation, when the expiation (is)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of prāyaścitta
prāyaścitta - expiation, penance, atonement
अकृते (akṛte) - not performed, not done, unperformed
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of akṛta
akṛta - not done, unmade, unperformed
Past Passive Participle (kṛta)
Negative compound (Nañ-tatpuruṣa) of kṛta
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛta)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negative particle - kṛta – done, made, performed
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
root kṛ + suffix kta
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: agreeing with prāyaścitte
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born, a Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth, snake
Compound dvi (twice) + ja (born)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two, twice
indeclinable - ja – born, produced from
adjective (masculine)
derived from root jan
Root: jan (class 4)