मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-93
सुरा वै मलमन्नानां पाप्मा च मलमुच्यते ।
तस्माद ब्राह्मणराजन्यौ वैश्यश्च न सुरां पिबेत ॥९३॥
तस्माद ब्राह्मणराजन्यौ वैश्यश्च न सुरां पिबेत ॥९३॥
93. surā vai malamannānāṁ pāpmā ca malamucyate ,
tasmād brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaśca na surāṁ pibet.
tasmād brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaśca na surāṁ pibet.
93.
surā vai malam annānām pāpmā ca malam ucyate
tasmāt brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaḥ ca na surām pibet
tasmāt brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaḥ ca na surām pibet
93.
surā vai annānām malam pāpmā ca malam ucyate
tasmāt brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaḥ ca surām na pibet
tasmāt brāhmaṇarājanyau vaiśyaḥ ca surām na pibet
93.
Liquor (surā) is indeed the impurity of foods, and (it is also said that) sin (pāpmā) is impurity. Therefore, a brahmin, a kshatriya, and a vaiśya should not drink liquor.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सुरा (surā) - liquor, spirituous liquor
- वै (vai) - used for emphasis (indeed, verily, surely)
- मलम् (malam) - a cause of defilement or sin (impurity, dirt, defilement)
- अन्नानाम् (annānām) - of foods, of grains
- पाप्मा (pāpmā) - sin, evil, vice
- च (ca) - and, also
- मलम् (malam) - a cause of defilement or sin (impurity, dirt, defilement)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is declared
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that
- ब्राह्मणराजन्यौ (brāhmaṇarājanyau) - the Brahmin and the Kshatriya
- वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya, member of the merchant/farmer class
- च (ca) - and, also
- न (na) - not, no
- सुराम् (surām) - liquor
- पिबेत् (pibet) - one should drink, he should drink
Words meanings and morphology
सुरा (surā) - liquor, spirituous liquor
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of surā
surā - liquor, spirituous liquor, wine
Note: Subject.
वै (vai) - used for emphasis (indeed, verily, surely)
(indeclinable)
मलम् (malam) - a cause of defilement or sin (impurity, dirt, defilement)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mala
mala - impurity, dirt, defilement, sin
Note: Predicate nominative for 'surā'.
अन्नानाम् (annānām) - of foods, of grains
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of anna
anna - food, grain, cooked rice
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of √ad (to eat), nominalized
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Relates to 'malam'.
पाप्मा (pāpmā) - sin, evil, vice
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpman
pāpman - sin, evil, vice, moral defilement
Note: Subject of 'ucyate'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two clauses.
मलम् (malam) - a cause of defilement or sin (impurity, dirt, defilement)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mala
mala - impurity, dirt, defilement, sin
Note: Predicate nominative for 'pāpmā'.
उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is said, is declared
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Passive voice
3rd person singular present passive from root √vac
Root: vac (class 2)
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that
(indeclinable)
Note: Ablative singular of 'tad', used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.
ब्राह्मणराजन्यौ (brāhmaṇarājanyau) - the Brahmin and the Kshatriya
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of brāhmaṇarājanya
brāhmaṇarājanya - Brahmin and Kshatriya
Compound type : dvandva (brāhmaṇa+rājanya)
- brāhmaṇa – a brahmin, member of the priestly class
noun (masculine) - rājanya – a kshatriya, member of the warrior/ruling class
noun (masculine)
Note: Subject for 'pibet'.
वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a Vaishya, member of the merchant/farmer class
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a Vaishya, member of the merchant/farmer class
Note: Another subject.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle.
सुराम् (surām) - liquor
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of surā
surā - liquor, spirituous liquor, wine
Note: Object of 'pibet'.
पिबेत् (pibet) - one should drink, he should drink
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pā
Optative mood
3rd person singular active optative from root √pā
Root: pā (class 1)