मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-164
द्रव्याणामल्पसाराणां स्तेयं कृत्वाऽन्यवेश्मतः ।
चरेत सांतपनं कृच्छ्रं तन्निर्यात्यात्मशुद्धये ॥१६४॥
चरेत सांतपनं कृच्छ्रं तन्निर्यात्यात्मशुद्धये ॥१६४॥
164. dravyāṇāmalpasārāṇāṁ steyaṁ kṛtvā'nyaveśmataḥ ,
caret sāṁtapanaṁ kṛcchraṁ tanniryātyātmaśuddhaye.
caret sāṁtapanaṁ kṛcchraṁ tanniryātyātmaśuddhaye.
164.
dravyāṇām alpasārāṇām steyam kṛtvā anyaveśmataḥ |
caret sāntapanam kṛcchram tat niryātya ātmaśuddhaye
caret sāntapanam kṛcchram tat niryātya ātmaśuddhaye
164.
anyaveśmataḥ alpasārāṇām dravyāṇām steyam kṛtvā
sāntapanam kṛcchram caret tat ātmaśuddhaye niryātya
sāntapanam kṛcchram caret tat ātmaśuddhaye niryātya
164.
Having stolen trifling possessions from another's house, one should perform the Sāntapana Kṛcchra vow; that stolen item should be returned for self-purification.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्रव्याणाम् (dravyāṇām) - of possessions, of items (of substances, of wealth, of goods)
- अल्पसाराणाम् (alpasārāṇām) - of trifling possessions, of little worth (of small value, of trifling essence)
- स्तेयम् (steyam) - theft (theft, stealing)
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (theft) (having done, having made)
- अन्यवेश्मतः (anyaveśmataḥ) - from another's house
- चरेत् (caret) - one should perform (a penance) (one should perform, one should practice, one should proceed)
- सान्तपनम् (sāntapanam) - the Sāntapana (penance/vow) (a specific kind of penance/vow)
- कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - (the) penance (Sāntapana Kṛcchra) (difficulty, hardship, penance)
- तत् (tat) - that (stolen item) (that, it)
- निर्यात्य (niryātya) - should be returned (to be returned, to be given back)
- आत्मशुद्धये (ātmaśuddhaye) - for self-purification
Words meanings and morphology
द्रव्याणाम् (dravyāṇām) - of possessions, of items (of substances, of wealth, of goods)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of dravya
dravya - substance, thing, article, wealth, property
From dru (to run, flow) + ya suffix.
अल्पसाराणाम् (alpasārāṇām) - of trifling possessions, of little worth (of small value, of trifling essence)
(adjective)
Genitive, neuter, plural of alpasāra
alpasāra - having little worth, trifling, of small value or essence
Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning "whose essence/worth is little".
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+sāra)
- alpa – little, small, few
adjective - sāra – essence, pith, core, strength, worth, value
noun (masculine/neuter)
Note: Adjective agreeing with dravyāṇām.
स्तेयम् (steyam) - theft (theft, stealing)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of steya
steya - theft, robbery, stealing
From root stai (to steal).
Root: stai (class 1)
Note: Object of kṛtvā.
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (theft) (having done, having made)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root kṛ (to do, to make) + tvā suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अन्यवेश्मतः (anyaveśmataḥ) - from another's house
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of anyaveśman
anyaveśman - another's house, a different dwelling
Tatpuruṣa compound anya (another) + veśman (house).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anya+veśman)
- anya – other, another, different
pronoun - veśman – house, dwelling, abode
noun (neuter)
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Ablative singular, indicating origin "from".
चरेत् (caret) - one should perform (a penance) (one should perform, one should practice, one should proceed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car
Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice
Root car (to move, perform).
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Implies "one should" or "he should".
सान्तपनम् (sāntapanam) - the Sāntapana (penance/vow) (a specific kind of penance/vow)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sāntapana
sāntapana - a kind of penance; heating, tormenting, causing pain
From sam + tap (to heat, torment).
Prefix: sam
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Object of caret.
कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - (the) penance (Sāntapana Kṛcchra) (difficulty, hardship, penance)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra
kṛcchra - difficulty, trouble, distress, penance, severe austerity
Note: Appositive to sāntapanam or completing the compound sāntapana kṛcchram.
तत् (tat) - that (stolen item) (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it
Note: Refers to the stolen dravya (substance).
निर्यात्य (niryātya) - should be returned (to be returned, to be given back)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of niryātya
niryātya - what is to be restored or given back
Gerundive (passive future participle)
From nir + root yā (to go). Causative base niryāpayati means to cause to go out, restore, return. niryātya is derived from this causative or directly from nir-yā with -tya suffix (a less common gerundive suffix). More typically, it refers to 'what is to be restored'.
Prefix: nis
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Agrees with tat.
आत्मशुद्धये (ātmaśuddhaye) - for self-purification
(noun)
Dative, feminine, singular of ātmaśuddhi
ātmaśuddhi - self-purification, purification of the soul
Tatpuruṣa compound ātman (self) + śuddhi (purification).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+śuddhi)
- ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine) - śuddhi – purity, purification, cleansing
noun (feminine)
From root śudh (to be pure).
Root: śudh (class 4)
Note: Indicates purpose "for purification".