मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-214
तप्तकृच्छ्रं चरन विप्रो जलक्षीरघृतानिलान ।
प्रतित्र्यहं पिबेदुष्णान सकृत्स्नायी समाहितः ॥२१४॥
प्रतित्र्यहं पिबेदुष्णान सकृत्स्नायी समाहितः ॥२१४॥
214. taptakṛcchraṁ caran vipro jalakṣīraghṛtānilān ,
pratitryahaṁ pibeduṣṇān sakṛtsnāyī samāhitaḥ.
pratitryahaṁ pibeduṣṇān sakṛtsnāyī samāhitaḥ.
214.
taptakṛcchram caran vipraḥ jalakṣīraghṛtānilān
pratitryaham pibet uṣṇān sakṛtsnāyī samāhitaḥ
pratitryaham pibet uṣṇān sakṛtsnāyī samāhitaḥ
214.
samāhitaḥ sakṛtsnāyī vipraḥ taptakṛcchram caran
pratitryaham uṣṇān jalakṣīraghṛtānilān pibet
pratitryaham uṣṇān jalakṣīraghṛtānilān pibet
214.
A Brahmin (vipra) observing the Taptakṛcchra penance, being self-controlled and bathing once (daily), should drink hot water, hot milk, and hot ghee, each for a period of three days, and likewise subsist on air for three days.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तप्तकृच्छ्रम् (taptakṛcchram) - a specific severe penance involving hot liquids and fasting (the Taptakṛcchra penance)
- चरन् (caran) - undertaking or observing the penance (performing, observing, practicing)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, who is qualified to perform such penances (a Brahmin, an inspired person)
- जलक्षीरघृतानिलान् (jalakṣīraghṛtānilān) - hot water, hot milk, hot ghee, and air (implying fasting) as prescribed for the penance (water, milk, ghee, and air)
- प्रतित्र्यहम् (pratitryaham) - each of the four listed items (water, milk, ghee, air) should be observed for a period of three days (every three days, for each period of three days)
- पिबेत् (pibet) - he should consume (water, milk, ghee) or subsist on (air) (he should drink)
- उष्णान् (uṣṇān) - hot (referring to water, milk, and ghee) (hot, warm)
- सकृत्स्नायी (sakṛtsnāyī) - performing a ritual bath only once per day (bathing once (a day))
- समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - with a focused and disciplined mind, essential for observing penance (concentrated, composed, self-controlled)
Words meanings and morphology
तप्तकृच्छ्रम् (taptakṛcchram) - a specific severe penance involving hot liquids and fasting (the Taptakṛcchra penance)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of taptakṛcchra
taptakṛcchra - a penance involving hot substances; the Taptakṛcchra penance
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapta+kṛcchra)
- tapta – heated, hot, tormented
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
Root: tap (class 1) - kṛcchra – difficulty, penance
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of 'caran'.
चरन् (caran) - undertaking or observing the penance (performing, observing, practicing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of carat
carat - moving, walking, performing
Present Active Participle
Derived from √car (to move, to perform) with present participle suffix '-at'
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'.
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, who is qualified to perform such penances (a Brahmin, an inspired person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - a Brahmin, a sage, inspired, learned
Note: Subject of the sentence.
जलक्षीरघृतानिलान् (jalakṣīraghṛtānilān) - hot water, hot milk, hot ghee, and air (implying fasting) as prescribed for the penance (water, milk, ghee, and air)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of jalakṣīraghṛtānila
jalakṣīraghṛtānila - water, milk, ghee, and air (as a collective)
Compound type : dvandva (jala+kṣīra+ghṛta+anila)
- jala – water
noun (neuter) - kṣīra – milk
noun (neuter) - ghṛta – ghee, clarified butter
noun (neuter) - anila – air, wind
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'pibet', with 'anila' implying subsisting on air (fasting).
प्रतित्र्यहम् (pratitryaham) - each of the four listed items (water, milk, ghee, air) should be observed for a period of three days (every three days, for each period of three days)
(indeclinable)
Compound type : avyayibhāva (prati+tryaha)
- prati – each, every
indeclinable - tryaha – period of three days
noun (neuter)
Note: Adverbial, indicating a duration for each item.
पिबेत् (pibet) - he should consume (water, milk, ghee) or subsist on (air) (he should drink)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pā
Root: pā (class 1)
उष्णान् (uṣṇān) - hot (referring to water, milk, and ghee) (hot, warm)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of uṣṇa
uṣṇa - hot, warm, ardent
Derived from √uṣ (to burn)
Root: uṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'jala', 'kṣīra', 'ghṛta' within the compound 'jalakṣīraghṛtānilān'. The gender/number matches the final member of the compound.
सकृत्स्नायी (sakṛtsnāyī) - performing a ritual bath only once per day (bathing once (a day))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sakṛtsnāyin
sakṛtsnāyin - one who bathes once
Compound of 'sakṛt' (once) and 'snāyin' (bathing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sakṛt+snāyin)
- sakṛt – once, one time
indeclinable - snāyin – one who bathes
noun (masculine)
Agent Noun
Derived from √snā (to bathe) with suffix '-in'
Root: snā (class 2)
Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'.
समाहितः (samāhitaḥ) - with a focused and disciplined mind, essential for observing penance (concentrated, composed, self-controlled)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhita
samāhita - concentrated, composed, collected, self-controlled
Past Passive Participle
Derived from √dhā (to place) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ā-'
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies 'vipraḥ'.