मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-38
प्राजापत्यमदत्त्वाऽश्वमग्न्याधेयस्य दक्षिणाम ।
अनाहिताग्निर्भवति ब्राह्मणो विभवे सति ॥३८॥
अनाहिताग्निर्भवति ब्राह्मणो विभवे सति ॥३८॥
38. prājāpatyamadattvā'śvamagnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām ,
anāhitāgnirbhavati brāhmaṇo vibhave sati.
anāhitāgnirbhavati brāhmaṇo vibhave sati.
38.
prājāpatyam adattvā aśvam agnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām
anāhitāgniḥ bhavati brāhmaṇaḥ vibhave sati
anāhitāgniḥ bhavati brāhmaṇaḥ vibhave sati
38.
brāhmaṇaḥ vibhave sati prājāpatyam aśvam
agnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām adattvā anāhitāgniḥ bhavati
agnyādheyasya dakṣiṇām adattvā anāhitāgniḥ bhavati
38.
If, having the means (vibhava), a (brāhmaṇa) does not give the horse offering dedicated to Prajāpati as the ritual fee (dakṣiṇā) for the `agnyādheya` (establishment of sacred fires), he remains one who has not established the sacred fires (anāhitāgni).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्राजापत्यम् (prājāpatyam) - the horse offering dedicated to Prajāpati (dedicated to Prajāpati, related to Prajāpati)
- अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given
- अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse
- अग्न्याधेयस्य (agnyādheyasya) - of the (Vedic ritual) `agnyādheya` (of the establishment of sacred fires)
- दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - the ritual fee (dakṣiṇā) (ritual fee, gift)
- अनाहिताग्निः (anāhitāgniḥ) - one who has not established the (Vedic sacred) fires (anāhitāgni) (one who has not established the sacred fires)
- भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
- विभवे (vibhave) - when (means) exist (in prosperity, when means exist)
- सति (sati) - being, existing
Words meanings and morphology
प्राजापत्यम् (prājāpatyam) - the horse offering dedicated to Prajāpati (dedicated to Prajāpati, related to Prajāpati)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prājāpatya
prājāpatya - relating to Prajāpati, descendant of Prajāpati, a specific offering
Derived from Prajāpati
Note: Refers to the horse, which is a Prajāpati offering. Masculine because it qualifies aśvam (horse).
अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form of 'a' (negation) + root 'dā' (to give)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dattvā)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - dattvā – having given
indeclinable
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form of root 'dā' (to give)
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Negation of the gerund.
अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of aśva
aśva - horse
Note: Object of 'adattvā'.
अग्न्याधेयस्य (agnyādheyasya) - of the (Vedic ritual) `agnyādheya` (of the establishment of sacred fires)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of agnyādheya
agnyādheya - establishment of sacred fires, a specific Vedic ritual
Compound of 'agni' (fire) + 'ādheya' (that which is to be placed/established). Gerundive of ā-dhā.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+ādheya)
- agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine) - ādheya – to be placed, to be established, establishment
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
Gerundive of ā-dhā (to place, establish)
Prefix: ā
Root: dhā (class 3)
दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - the ritual fee (dakṣiṇā) (ritual fee, gift)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā
dakṣiṇā - ritual fee, gift, reward, the south
Note: Object of 'adattvā'. Included in brackets in translation.
अनाहिताग्निः (anāhitāgniḥ) - one who has not established the (Vedic sacred) fires (anāhitāgni) (one who has not established the sacred fires)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anāhitāgni
anāhitāgni - one who has not established the sacred fires
Bahuvrihi compound of 'an' (negation) + 'āhitāgni' (one who has established fires). 'āhitāgni' is ā-dhā-ta + agni.
Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (an+āhitāgni)
- an – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - āhitāgni – one who has established sacred fires
noun (masculine)
Bahuvrihi: āhita (placed) + agni (fire). Āhita is PPP of ā-dhā.
भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Present
3rd person singular present tense
Root: bhū (class 1)
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, pertaining to brahman
Note: Included in brackets in translation.
विभवे (vibhave) - when (means) exist (in prosperity, when means exist)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vibhava
vibhava - prosperity, power, wealth, means
Prefix: vi
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'sati'. Included in brackets in translation.
सति (sati) - being, existing
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of sat
sat - being, existing, good
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of 'as' (to be) in locative singular, used in locative absolute construction.
Root: as (class 2)