मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-120
कामतो रेतसः सेकं व्रतस्थस्य द्विजन्मनः ।
अतिक्रमं व्रतस्याहुर्धर्मज्ञा ब्रह्मवादिनः ॥१२०॥
अतिक्रमं व्रतस्याहुर्धर्मज्ञा ब्रह्मवादिनः ॥१२०॥
120. kāmato retasaḥ sekaṁ vratasthasya dvijanmanaḥ ,
atikramaṁ vratasyāhurdharmajñā brahmavādinaḥ.
atikramaṁ vratasyāhurdharmajñā brahmavādinaḥ.
120.
kāmataḥ retasaḥ sekam vratasthasya dvijanmanaḥ
atikramam vratasya āhuḥ dharmajñāḥ brahmavādinaḥ
atikramam vratasya āhuḥ dharmajñāḥ brahmavādinaḥ
120.
dharmajñāḥ brahmavādinaḥ kāmataḥ retasaḥ sekam
vratasthasya dvijanmanaḥ vratasya atikramam āhuḥ
vratasthasya dvijanmanaḥ vratasya atikramam āhuḥ
120.
Those who know the natural law (dharma) and are expounders of the Veda (brahmavādinaḥ) declare the intentional emission of semen by a twice-born (dvijanman) who is observing a vow to be a transgression of that vow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कामतः (kāmataḥ) - intentionally, willfully, from desire
- रेतसः (retasaḥ) - of semen, of seed
- सेकम् (sekam) - emission (of semen) (emission, sprinkling, discharge)
- व्रतस्थस्य (vratasthasya) - of one abiding in a vow, of one observing a vow
- द्विजन्मनः (dvijanmanaḥ) - of a Brahmin (or other high-caste individual) who has undergone the sacred thread ceremony and is bound by a vow. (of a twice-born)
- अतिक्रमम् (atikramam) - transgression, violation, overstepping
- व्रतस्य (vratasya) - of the vow, of the religious observance
- आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare
- धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - those who know the (dharma), knowers of law
- ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - speakers of the Veda, theologians, those who discuss (brahman)
Words meanings and morphology
कामतः (kāmataḥ) - intentionally, willfully, from desire
(indeclinable)
formed from kāma (desire) with tasil suffix
Root: kam (class 1)
रेतसः (retasaḥ) - of semen, of seed
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of retas
retas - semen, seed, fluid
s-stem neuter noun
Root: rī (class 4)
सेकम् (sekam) - emission (of semen) (emission, sprinkling, discharge)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of seka
seka - sprinkling, effusion, emission
from root sic with suffix gha
Root: sic (class 6)
Note: Object of āhuḥ.
व्रतस्थस्य (vratasthasya) - of one abiding in a vow, of one observing a vow
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vratastha
vratastha - abiding in a vow, observing a vow
vratam (vow) + stha (standing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vrata+stha)
- vrata – vow, religious observance
noun (neuter)
Root: vṛ (class 5) - stha – standing, abiding, existing
adjective (masculine)
from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies dvijanmanaḥ.
द्विजन्मनः (dvijanmanaḥ) - of a Brahmin (or other high-caste individual) who has undergone the sacred thread ceremony and is bound by a vow. (of a twice-born)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dvijanman
dvijanman - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
dvi (twice) + janman (birth)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+janman)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - janman – birth, existence
noun (neuter)
from root jan
Root: jan (class 4)
अतिक्रमम् (atikramam) - transgression, violation, overstepping
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of atikrama
atikrama - transgression, violation, overstepping
ati + krama (going beyond)
Prefix: ati
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Object of āhuḥ.
व्रतस्य (vratasya) - of the vow, of the religious observance
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of vrata
vrata - vow, religious observance, sacred duty
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Refers to atikramam vratasya - transgression of the vow.
आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ah
present active
3rd person plural
Root: ah (class 2)
धर्मज्ञाः (dharmajñāḥ) - those who know the (dharma), knowers of law
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmajña
dharmajña - knowing the (dharma), righteous, jurisprudent
dharma (law, constitution) + jña (knower)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - jña – knower, understanding
adjective (masculine)
from root jñā
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Subject of āhuḥ.
ब्रह्मवादिनः (brahmavādinaḥ) - speakers of the Veda, theologians, those who discuss (brahman)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavādin
brahmavādin - speaker of sacred texts, expounder of the Veda, theologian
brahman (Veda, supreme reality) + vādin (speaker)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vādin)
- brahman – Veda, sacred text, supreme reality (brahman)
noun (neuter)
Root: bṛh (class 1) - vādin – speaker, advocate, one who says
adjective (masculine)
from root vad
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Subject of āhuḥ, co-referent with dharmajñāḥ.