मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-88
उक्त्वा चैवानृतं साक्ष्ये प्रतिरुध्य गुरुं तथा ।
अपहृत्य च निःक्षेपं कृत्वा च स्त्रीसुहृत्वधम ॥८८॥
अपहृत्य च निःक्षेपं कृत्वा च स्त्रीसुहृत्वधम ॥८८॥
88. uktvā caivānṛtaṁ sākṣye pratirudhya guruṁ tathā ,
apahṛtya ca niḥkṣepaṁ kṛtvā ca strīsuhṛtvadham.
apahṛtya ca niḥkṣepaṁ kṛtvā ca strīsuhṛtvadham.
88.
uktvā ca eva anṛtam sākṣye pratirudhya gurum tathā
apahṛtya ca niḥkṣepam kṛtvā ca strīsuhṛtvadham
apahṛtya ca niḥkṣepam kṛtvā ca strīsuhṛtvadham
88.
sākṣye anṛtam uktvā ca eva,
gurum pratirudhya tathā,
niḥkṣepam apahṛtya ca,
strīsuhṛtvadham kṛtvā ca (etat eva vratam caret).
gurum pratirudhya tathā,
niḥkṣepam apahṛtya ca,
strīsuhṛtvadham kṛtvā ca (etat eva vratam caret).
88.
And having spoken falsehood in testimony, and having obstructed a teacher (guru), and similarly having misappropriated a deposit, and having committed the murder of a woman or a friend (suhṛt).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- अनृतम् (anṛtam) - false testimony (falsehood, untruth, lie)
- साक्ष्ये (sākṣye) - in a legal or formal testimony (in testimony, in witness, in the presence of)
- प्रतिरुध्य (pratirudhya) - having obstructed, having hindered, having restrained
- गुरुम् (gurum) - one's spiritual teacher or respected elder (teacher, spiritual preceptor, elder)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, in addition (thus, so, in that manner, and, also)
- अपहृत्य (apahṛtya) - having stolen, having carried away, having misappropriated
- च (ca) - and, also
- निःक्षेपम् (niḥkṣepam) - a deposit, a pledge, entrusted property
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (having done, having made, having performed)
- च (ca) - and, also
- स्त्रीसुहृत्वधम् (strīsuhṛtvadham) - murder of a woman or a friend
Words meanings and morphology
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from root vac (which often changes to uk- in ppp and absolutive) with suffix -tvā.
Root: vac (class 2)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Particle for emphasis.
अनृतम् (anṛtam) - false testimony (falsehood, untruth, lie)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta
anṛta - falsehood, untruth, not true
Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'ṛta' (truth).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛta)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - ṛta – truth, right, cosmic order
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of uktvā.
साक्ष्ये (sākṣye) - in a legal or formal testimony (in testimony, in witness, in the presence of)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of sākṣya
sākṣya - testimony, evidence, witness
From sākṣin (witness).
Note: Location of the action 'uktvā'.
प्रतिरुध्य (pratirudhya) - having obstructed, having hindered, having restrained
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from prefix prati- + root rudh with suffix -ya.
Prefix: prati
Root: rudh (class 7)
गुरुम् (gurum) - one's spiritual teacher or respected elder (teacher, spiritual preceptor, elder)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, respected person, heavy, weighty
Note: Object of pratirudhya.
तथा (tathā) - similarly, in addition (thus, so, in that manner, and, also)
(indeclinable)
Adverb.
Note: Connects the various offenses.
अपहृत्य (apahṛtya) - having stolen, having carried away, having misappropriated
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from prefix apa- + root hṛ with suffix -ya.
Prefix: apa
Root: hṛ (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
निःक्षेपम् (niḥkṣepam) - a deposit, a pledge, entrusted property
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of niḥkṣepa
niḥkṣepa - a deposit, pledge, entrusted property, anything laid down
From niḥ (nis) + kṣipa.
Prefix: nis
Root: kṣip (class 6)
Note: Object of apahṛtya.
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having committed (having done, having made, having performed)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
From root kṛ with suffix -tvā.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
स्त्रीसुहृत्वधम् (strīsuhṛtvadham) - murder of a woman or a friend
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of strīsuhṛtvadha
strīsuhṛtvadha - the killing of a woman or a friend
Compound of strī (woman), suhṛt (friend), and vadha (killing).
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (strī+suhṛt+vadha)
- strī – woman, wife
noun (feminine) - suhṛt – friend, well-wisher
noun (masculine) - vadha – killing, murder, slaughter
noun (masculine)
From root han (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Object of kṛtvā.