मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-140
अस्थिमतां तु सत्त्वानां सहस्रस्य प्रमापणे ।
पूर्णे चानस्यनस्थ्नां तु शूद्रहत्याव्रतं चरेत ॥१४०॥
पूर्णे चानस्यनस्थ्नां तु शूद्रहत्याव्रतं चरेत ॥१४०॥
140. asthimatāṁ tu sattvānāṁ sahasrasya pramāpaṇe ,
pūrṇe cānasyanasthnāṁ tu śūdrahatyāvrataṁ caret.
pūrṇe cānasyanasthnāṁ tu śūdrahatyāvrataṁ caret.
140.
asthimatām tu sattvānām sahasrasya pramāpaṇe
pūrṇe ca anasthnām tu śūdrahātyāvratam caret
pūrṇe ca anasthnām tu śūdrahātyāvratam caret
140.
asthimatām sattvānām sahasrasya pramāpaṇe ca
pūrṇe anasthnām tu śūdrahātyāvratam caret tu
pūrṇe anasthnām tu śūdrahātyāvratam caret tu
140.
When one causes the destruction of a thousand sentient beings (sattva) that possess bones, or a full thousand of boneless creatures, one should undertake the penance prescribed for killing a śūdra.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अस्थिमताम् (asthimatām) - of those with bones, of bony creatures
- तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed
- सत्त्वानाम् (sattvānām) - of sentient beings, of living creatures
- सहस्रस्य (sahasrasya) - of a thousand
- प्रमापणे (pramāpaṇe) - in the act of destroying, upon causing death
- पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - full, complete
- च (ca) - and
- अनस्थ्नाम् (anasthnām) - of boneless creatures
- तु (tu) - indeed, however
- शूद्रहात्याव्रतम् (śūdrahātyāvratam) - the penance for killing a śūdra
- चरेत् (caret) - he should perform, he should observe
Words meanings and morphology
अस्थिमताम् (asthimatām) - of those with bones, of bony creatures
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of asthimat
asthimat - possessing bones, bony
Possessive suffix matup added to asthi (bone)
Note: Modifies sattvānām.
तु (tu) - but, however, and, indeed
(indeclinable)
सत्त्वानाम् (sattvānām) - of sentient beings, of living creatures
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of sattva
sattva - being, existence, essence, spirit, living creature, sentient being
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Genitive case for the number 'sahasrasya'.
सहस्रस्य (sahasrasya) - of a thousand
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of sahasra
sahasra - thousand
Note: Governed by 'pramāpaṇe'.
प्रमापणे (pramāpaṇe) - in the act of destroying, upon causing death
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of pramāpaṇa
pramāpaṇa - causing death, destruction, killing
Derived from causative of pra-mā (to kill, destroy)
Prefix: pra
Root: mā (class 2)
पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - full, complete
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of pūrṇa
pūrṇa - full, complete, entire, perfect
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root pṛ (to fill)
Root: pṛ (class 9)
Note: This adjective modifies an implied 'sahasre' (in a thousand) or modifies 'pramāpaṇe' referring to the completeness of the destruction.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अनस्थ्नाम् (anasthnām) - of boneless creatures
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of anasthi
anasthi - boneless, without bones
Negative compound a- + asthi (bone)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+asthi)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - asthi – bone
noun (neuter)
Note: Genitive plural, referring to the objects of destruction.
तु (tu) - indeed, however
(indeclinable)
शूद्रहात्याव्रतम् (śūdrahātyāvratam) - the penance for killing a śūdra
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śūdrahātyāvrata
śūdrahātyāvrata - vow/penance for killing a śūdra
compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdrahātyā+vrata)
- śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
noun (masculine) - hātyā – killing, murder
noun (feminine)
Root: han (class 2) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, penance
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of 'caret'.
चरेत् (caret) - he should perform, he should observe
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of car
optative mood
Parasmaipada, third person singular
Root: car (class 1)