मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-157
मासिकान्नं तु योऽश्नीयादसमावर्तको द्विजः ।
स त्रीण्यहान्युपवसेदेकाहं चोदके वसेत ॥१५७॥
स त्रीण्यहान्युपवसेदेकाहं चोदके वसेत ॥१५७॥
157. māsikānnaṁ tu yo'śnīyādasamāvartako dvijaḥ ,
sa trīṇyahānyupavasedekāhaṁ codake vaset.
sa trīṇyahānyupavasedekāhaṁ codake vaset.
157.
māsikānnaṃ tu yaḥ aśnīyāt asamāvartakaḥ dvijaḥ
saḥ trīṇi ahāni upavaset ekāhaṃ ca udake vaseta
saḥ trīṇi ahāni upavaset ekāhaṃ ca udake vaseta
157.
tu yaḥ asamāvartakaḥ dvijaḥ māsikānnaṃ aśnīyāt
saḥ trīṇi ahāni upavaset ca ekāhaṃ udake vaseta
saḥ trīṇi ahāni upavaset ca ekāhaṃ udake vaseta
157.
However, a twice-born (dvija) who has not yet completed his Vedic studies (asamāvartaka) and consumes the monthly food (māsikānna) should fast for three days and remain immersed in water for one day.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मासिकान्नं (māsikānnaṁ) - food offered at monthly śrāddha (ancestor ritual) (monthly food, food for monthly rituals)
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
- अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat, consumes
- असमावर्तकः (asamāvartakaḥ) - an ungraduated student (brahmacārin) (one who has not completed Vedic studies)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya) (twice-born)
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three
- अहानि (ahāni) - days
- उपवसेत् (upavaset) - should fast, should abstain from food
- एकाहं (ekāhaṁ) - for one day, one day
- च (ca) - and, also
- उदके (udake) - in water
- वसेत (vaseta) - should remain immersed (should reside, should stay)
Words meanings and morphology
मासिकान्नं (māsikānnaṁ) - food offered at monthly śrāddha (ancestor ritual) (monthly food, food for monthly rituals)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of māsikānna
māsikānna - monthly food, food for a month, food used in a monthly ritual
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māsika+anna)
- māsika – monthly, lasting for a month
adjective (neuter) - anna – food, grain, cooked rice
noun (neuter)
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat, may eat, consumes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (potential) (vidhiliṅ) of aś
Root: aś (class 9)
असमावर्तकः (asamāvartakaḥ) - an ungraduated student (brahmacārin) (one who has not completed Vedic studies)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of asamāvartaka
asamāvartaka - one who has not performed the samāvartana ceremony, an ungraduated student (brahmacārin)
Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+samāvartaka)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - samāvartaka – one who has returned or completed studies (referring to samāvartana ritual)
noun (masculine)
agent noun
Derived from root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: vṛt (class 1)
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya) (twice-born)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a member of the three upper varṇas), bird, tooth
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced
adjective (masculine)
suffix indicating origin
Derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)
त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three
(numeral)
अहानि (ahāni) - days
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of ahan
ahan - day
उपवसेत् (upavaset) - should fast, should abstain from food
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (potential) (vidhiliṅ) of upavas
Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'upa'
Prefix: upa
Root: vas (class 1)
एकाहं (ekāhaṁ) - for one day, one day
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ekāha
ekāha - one day, a single day
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+ahan)
- eka – one, single
numeral - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
उदके (udake) - in water
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of udaka
udaka - water
वसेत (vaseta) - should remain immersed (should reside, should stay)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (potential) (vidhiliṅ) of vas
Root: vas (class 1)