मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-133
अभ्रिं कार्ष्णायसीं दद्यात सर्पं हत्वा द्विजोत्तमः ।
पलालभारकं षण्ढे सैसकं चैकमाषकम ॥१३३॥
पलालभारकं षण्ढे सैसकं चैकमाषकम ॥१३३॥
133. abhriṁ kārṣṇāyasīṁ dadyāt sarpaṁ hatvā dvijottamaḥ ,
palālabhārakaṁ ṣaṇḍhe saisakaṁ caikamāṣakam.
palālabhārakaṁ ṣaṇḍhe saisakaṁ caikamāṣakam.
133.
abhrim kārṣṇāyasīm dadyāt sarpam hatvā dvijottamaḥ
palālabhārakam ṣaṇḍhe saisakam ca ekamāṣakam
palālabhārakam ṣaṇḍhe saisakam ca ekamāṣakam
133.
dvijottamaḥ sarpam hatvā kārṣṇāyasīm abhrim dadyāt
ṣaṇḍhe palālabhārakam saisakam ca ekamāṣakam
ṣaṇḍhe palālabhārakam saisakam ca ekamāṣakam
133.
A Brahmin (dvijottama), having killed a snake, should donate an iron spade made of black iron. For killing an eunuch, one should give a load of straw and one māṣaka of lead.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अभ्रिम् (abhrim) - a spade, a hoe, an iron crowbar
- कार्ष्णायसीम् (kārṣṇāyasīm) - made of black iron
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give
- सर्पम् (sarpam) - a snake
- हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed
- द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - a Brahmin, referring to the one performing the penance (the best of the twice-born (Brahmin))
- पलालभारकम् (palālabhārakam) - a load of straw
- षण्ढे (ṣaṇḍhe) - referring to the penance for killing an eunuch or impotent person, where the donation is made *for* them or *as if* to them. (to an eunuch, in the case of an impotent person)
- सैसकम् (saisakam) - made of lead, containing lead
- च (ca) - and
- एकमाषकम् (ekamāṣakam) - one māṣaka
Words meanings and morphology
अभ्रिम् (abhrim) - a spade, a hoe, an iron crowbar
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of abhri
abhri - a spade, a hoe, a crowbar
कार्ष्णायसीम् (kārṣṇāyasīm) - made of black iron
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kārṣṇāyasī
kārṣṇāyasī - made of black iron
derived from kṛṣṇāyasa (black iron) with feminine suffix -ī
Note: Qualifies 'abhrim'.
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of dā
optative mood, 3rd person singular
root dā, 3rd class (juhotyādi)
Root: dā (class 3)
सर्पम् (sarpam) - a snake
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sarpa
sarpa - a snake, a serpent
Root: sṛp (class 1)
Note: Object of 'hatvā'.
हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
Derived from root han (to strike, to kill) with suffix -tvā.
Root: han (class 2)
द्विजोत्तमः (dvijottamaḥ) - a Brahmin, referring to the one performing the penance (the best of the twice-born (Brahmin))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best among the twice-born (Brahmins)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya, or bird, tooth)
noun (masculine) - uttama – best, highest, excellent
adjective
superlative suffix -tama
Note: Subject of 'dadyāt'.
पलालभारकम् (palālabhārakam) - a load of straw
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of palālabhāraka
palālabhāraka - a load of straw
Compound type : tatpurusha (palāla+bhāraka)
- palāla – straw
noun (neuter) - bhāraka – a load, burden
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of an implied 'dadyāt'.
षण्ढे (ṣaṇḍhe) - referring to the penance for killing an eunuch or impotent person, where the donation is made *for* them or *as if* to them. (to an eunuch, in the case of an impotent person)
(noun)
masculine, singular of ṣaṇḍha
ṣaṇḍha - an eunuch, an impotent person, a hermaphrodite
सैसकम् (saisakam) - made of lead, containing lead
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of saisaka
saisaka - made of lead, pertaining to lead
derived from sīsa (lead) with suffix -ka.
Note: Qualifies 'ekamāṣakam'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
conjunction
एकमाषकम् (ekamāṣakam) - one māṣaka
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ekamāṣaka
ekamāṣaka - one māṣaka (a small weight or coin)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+māṣaka)
- eka – one, a single
numeral - māṣaka – a small weight, a coin
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of an implied 'dadyāt'.