मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-204
हुङ्कारं ब्राह्मणस्योक्त्वा त्वङ्कारं च गरीयसः ।
स्नात्वाऽनश्नन्नहः शेषमभिवाद्य प्रसादयेत ॥२०४॥
स्नात्वाऽनश्नन्नहः शेषमभिवाद्य प्रसादयेत ॥२०४॥
204. huṅkāraṁ brāhmaṇasyoktvā tvaṅkāraṁ ca garīyasaḥ ,
snātvā'naśnannahaḥ śeṣamabhivādya prasādayet.
snātvā'naśnannahaḥ śeṣamabhivādya prasādayet.
204.
huṅkāram brāhmaṇasya uktvā tvamkāram ca garīyasaḥ
snātvā anaśnan ahaḥ śeṣam abhivādya prasādayet
snātvā anaśnan ahaḥ śeṣam abhivādya prasādayet
204.
brāhmaṇasya huṅkāram ca garīyasaḥ tvamkāram uktvā
snātvā anaśnan ahaḥ śeṣam abhivādya prasādayet
snātvā anaśnan ahaḥ śeṣam abhivādya prasādayet
204.
If one utters a contemptuous "hum" (huṅkāra) to a Brahmin, or addresses a superior person with a disrespectful "you" (tvamkāra), one should bathe, fast for the remainder of the day, and then pacify them by reverently saluting.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हुङ्कारम् (huṅkāram) - the sound 'hum', a contemptuous sound
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin, pertaining to a Brahmin
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
- त्वम्कारम् (tvamkāram) - the word 'tvam' (thou), addressing someone disrespectfully as 'you' (thou)
- च (ca) - and, also
- गरीयसः (garīyasaḥ) - of a more respected person, of a superior
- स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed
- अनश्नन् (anaśnan) - not eating, fasting
- अहः शेषम् (ahaḥ śeṣam) - the rest of the day, the remainder of the day
- अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted reverently
- प्रसादयेत् (prasādayet) - one should appease, one should propitiate, one should pacify
Words meanings and morphology
हुङ्कारम् (huṅkāram) - the sound 'hum', a contemptuous sound
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of huṅkāra
huṅkāra - the sound 'hum', an angry or contemptuous sound
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin, pertaining to a Brahmin
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Absolutive of √vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2)
त्वम्कारम् (tvamkāram) - the word 'tvam' (thou), addressing someone disrespectfully as 'you' (thou)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tvamkāra
tvamkāra - the word 'tvam', addressing disrespectfully as 'you'
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
गरीयसः (garīyasaḥ) - of a more respected person, of a superior
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of garīyas
garīyas - heavier, more important, more respected, superior
Comparative form of guru (heavy, important)
Note: Modifying an implied person (puruṣa) or similar.
स्नात्वा (snātvā) - having bathed
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Absolutive of √snā (to bathe)
Root: snā (class 2)
अनश्नन् (anaśnan) - not eating, fasting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anaśnat
anaśnat - not eating, fasting
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of √aś (to eat) with negation 'a'.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+aśnat)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - aśnat – eating
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of √aś
Root: aś (class 9)
Note: Implied agent is 'one' (e.g. the transgressor).
अहः शेषम् (ahaḥ śeṣam) - the rest of the day, the remainder of the day
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ahaḥ śeṣa
ahaḥ śeṣa - rest of the day, remainder of the day
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ahan+śeṣa)
- ahan – day
noun (neuter) - śeṣa – remainder, rest
noun (masculine)
Derived from √śiṣ (to leave, remain)
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Object of the action implied by 'anaśnan' or the overall penance.
अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having greeted reverently
(indeclinable)
absolutive (lyap)
Absolutive (lYAP) of √vad (to speak) with prefix abhi
Prefix: abhi
Root: vad (class 1)
प्रसादयेत् (prasādayet) - one should appease, one should propitiate, one should pacify
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of prasādaya
Causative Optative 3rd singular
Causative of pra-√sad (to become clear, settled, pleased), Optative mood (vidhi liṅ)
Prefix: pra
Root: sad (class 1)
Note: Implied subject is the transgressor.