मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-79
ब्राह्मणार्थे गवार्थे वा सद्यः प्राणान परित्यजेत ।
मुच्यते ब्रह्महत्याया गोप्ता गोर्ब्राह्मणस्य च ॥७९॥
मुच्यते ब्रह्महत्याया गोप्ता गोर्ब्राह्मणस्य च ॥७९॥
79. brāhmaṇārthe gavārthe vā sadyaḥ prāṇān parityajet ,
mucyate brahmahatyāyā goptā gorbrāhmaṇasya ca.
mucyate brahmahatyāyā goptā gorbrāhmaṇasya ca.
79.
brāhmaṇārthe gavārthe vā sadyaḥ prāṇān parityajet
mucyate brahmahatyāyāḥ goptā goḥ brāhmaṇasya ca
mucyate brahmahatyāyāḥ goptā goḥ brāhmaṇasya ca
79.
brāhmaṇārthe vā gavārthe sadyaḥ prāṇān parityajet.
goḥ brāhmaṇasya ca goptā brahmahatyāyāḥ mucyate.
goḥ brāhmaṇasya ca goptā brahmahatyāyāḥ mucyate.
79.
One should immediately give up one's life for the sake of a brahmin or a cow. Such a protector of a cow and a brahmin is liberated from the sin of killing a brahmin (brahmahatyā).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणार्थे (brāhmaṇārthe) - for the sake of a brahmin
- गवार्थे (gavārthe) - for the sake of a cow
- वा (vā) - or
- सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once
- प्राणान् (prāṇān) - one's life (lives, breaths, vital airs)
- परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - one should abandon, give up
- मुच्यते (mucyate) - is freed, is liberated
- ब्रह्महत्यायाः (brahmahatyāyāḥ) - from the killing of a brahmin, from the sin of killing a brahmin
- गोप्ता (goptā) - protector
- गोः (goḥ) - of a cow
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणार्थे (brāhmaṇārthe) - for the sake of a brahmin
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa-artha
brāhmaṇa-artha - for the sake of a brahmin
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brāhmaṇa+artha)
- brāhmaṇa – brahmin, related to brahman, member of the priestly class
noun (masculine) - artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
noun (masculine)
Note: Compound of brāhmaṇa (brahmin) and artha (purpose/sake), meaning "for the sake of a brahmin".
गवार्थे (gavārthe) - for the sake of a cow
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of go-artha
go-artha - for the sake of a cow
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+artha)
- go – cow, ox, cattle
noun (feminine) - artha – purpose, aim, meaning, sake
noun (masculine)
Note: Compound of go (cow) and artha (purpose/sake), meaning "for the sake of a cow".
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once
(indeclinable)
Adverbial use of an original locative form.
Note: Adverb.
प्राणान् (prāṇān) - one's life (lives, breaths, vital airs)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, spirit
From pra- (forward) + an (to breathe)
Prefix: pra
Root: an (class 2)
परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - one should abandon, give up
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of parityaj
From pari- (around, completely) + tyaj (to abandon)
Prefix: pari
Root: tyaj (class 1)
मुच्यते (mucyate) - is freed, is liberated
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc
Root: muc (class 6)
ब्रह्महत्यायाः (brahmahatyāyāḥ) - from the killing of a brahmin, from the sin of killing a brahmin
(noun)
Ablative, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā
brahmahatyā - killing of a brahmin, the sin of killing a brahmin
Compound of brahma (brahmin) and hatyā (killing)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahma+hatyā)
- brahma – brahmin (here referring to the person)
noun (masculine) - hatyā – killing, murder
noun (feminine)
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Grammatically interpreted as ablative singular despite Devanagari not explicitly showing visarga.
गोप्ता (goptā) - protector
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of goptṛ
goptṛ - protector, preserver, guardian
Agent noun
From root gup (to protect)
Root: gup (class 1)
Note: Agent noun.
गोः (goḥ) - of a cow
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of go
go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - brahmin, related to brahman, member of the priestly class
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.