मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-41
अग्निहोत्र्यपविध्याग्नीन ब्राह्मणः कामकारतः ।
चान्द्रायणं चरेन मासं वीरहत्यासमं हि तत ॥४१॥
चान्द्रायणं चरेन मासं वीरहत्यासमं हि तत ॥४१॥
41. agnihotryapavidhyāgnīn brāhmaṇaḥ kāmakārataḥ ,
cāndrāyaṇaṁ caren māsaṁ vīrahatyāsamaṁ hi tat.
cāndrāyaṇaṁ caren māsaṁ vīrahatyāsamaṁ hi tat.
41.
agnihotry apavidhyā agnīn brāhmaṇaḥ kāmakārataḥ
cāndrāyaṇam caret māsam vīrahatyāsamam hi tat
cāndrāyaṇam caret māsam vīrahatyāsamam hi tat
41.
agnihotry brāhmaṇaḥ kāmakārataḥ agnīn apavidhyā
māsam cāndrāyaṇam caret hi tat vīrahatyāsamam
māsam cāndrāyaṇam caret hi tat vīrahatyāsamam
41.
If a Brahmin, who is an `agnihotry` (performer of the daily fire ritual), willfully abandons his sacred fires, he should perform the `cāndrāyaṇa` penance for a month, for that act is indeed equivalent to the killing of a hero.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अग्निहोत्र्य् (agnihotry) - a performer of the Agnihotra ritual
- अपविध्या (apavidhyā) - having discarded, having abandoned, having thrown away
- अग्नीन् (agnīn) - the fires, sacred fires
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
- कामकारतः (kāmakārataḥ) - from desire, willfully, voluntarily
- चान्द्रायणम् (cāndrāyaṇam) - the Cāndrāyaṇa penance
- चरेत् (caret) - one should perform, one should practice
- मासम् (māsam) - denoting duration of time (month, for a month)
- वीरहत्यासमम् (vīrahatyāsamam) - equal to killing a hero
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- तत् (tat) - referring to the sin of abandoning sacred fires (that, it)
Words meanings and morphology
अग्निहोत्र्य् (agnihotry) - a performer of the Agnihotra ritual
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of agnihotrin
agnihotrin - one who maintains the Agnihotra (fire ritual)
Derived from Agnihotra (fire ritual) + -in (possessive suffix)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+hotra)
- agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine) - hotra – oblation, offering, a Vedic ritual (from √hu 'to offer')
noun (neuter)
Root: hu (class 3)
अपविध्या (apavidhyā) - having discarded, having abandoned, having thrown away
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from the root √vyadh with prefix apa-
Prefix: apa
Root: vyadh (class 4)
अग्नीन् (agnīn) - the fires, sacred fires
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of agni
agni - fire, sacred fire (personified as a deity)
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin (member of the priestly class), one related to brahman or the Veda
कामकारतः (kāmakārataḥ) - from desire, willfully, voluntarily
(indeclinable)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāma+kāra)
- kāma – desire, wish, will
noun (masculine) - kāra – act, action, doing, maker
noun (masculine)
From root √kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Ablative suffix -taḥ used adverbially.
चान्द्रायणम् (cāndrāyaṇam) - the Cāndrāyaṇa penance
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of cāndrāyaṇa
cāndrāyaṇa - a lunar penance, a specific ascetic vow involving regulated fasting according to the phases of the moon
चरेत् (caret) - one should perform, one should practice
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of car
root verb
Root: car (class 1)
मासम् (māsam) - denoting duration of time (month, for a month)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa
māsa - month
वीरहत्यासमम् (vīrahatyāsamam) - equal to killing a hero
(adjective)
neuter, singular of vīrahatyāsama
vīrahatyāsama - equal to the murder of a hero or brave man
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+hatyā+sama)
- vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
noun (masculine) - hatyā – killing, murder, slaughter
noun (feminine)
From root √han
Root: han (class 2) - sama – equal, similar, like
adjective
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - referring to the sin of abandoning sacred fires (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it