मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-139
दानेन वधनिर्णेकं सर्पादीनामशक्नुवन ।
एकैकशश्चरेत कृच्छ्रं द्विजः पापापनुत्तये ॥१३९॥
एकैकशश्चरेत कृच्छ्रं द्विजः पापापनुत्तये ॥१३९॥
139. dānena vadhanirṇekaṁ sarpādīnāmaśaknuvan ,
ekaikaśaścaret kṛcchraṁ dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye.
ekaikaśaścaret kṛcchraṁ dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye.
139.
dānena vadhanirṇekam sarpādīnām aśaknuvan
ekaikasaḥ caret kṛcchram dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye
ekaikasaḥ caret kṛcchram dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye
139.
sarpādīnām vadhanirṇekam dānena aśaknuvan
dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye ekaikasaḥ kṛcchram caret
dvijaḥ pāpāpanuttaye ekaikasaḥ kṛcchram caret
139.
If a twice-born person (dvija) is unable to atone for killing snakes and similar creatures by giving a gift (dāna), he should individually undertake a severe penance for each one, in order to remove the sin.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दानेन (dānena) - by means of a gift, by charity
- वधनिर्णेकम् (vadhanirṇekam) - atonement for killing, expiation for murder
- सर्पादीनाम् (sarpādīnām) - of snakes and others, of serpents etc.
- अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - not being able, unable
- एकैकसः (ekaikasaḥ) - individually, one by one, for each one
- चरेत् (caret) - he should perform, he should observe
- कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - a difficult penance, an ordeal
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (person), a Brahmin
- पापापनुत्तये (pāpāpanuttaye) - for the removal of sin, for expiation of sin
Words meanings and morphology
दानेन (dānena) - by means of a gift, by charity
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna
dāna - gift, donation, charity, alms
Root: dā (class 3)
वधनिर्णेकम् (vadhanirṇekam) - atonement for killing, expiation for murder
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vadhanirṇeka
vadhanirṇeka - expiation of slaughter
compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vadha+nirṇeka)
- vadha – killing, slaughter, injury
noun (masculine)
Root: han (class 2) - nirṇeka – atonement, expiation, purification
noun (masculine)
Prefix: nir
Root: nij (class 6)
Note: This is an object of inability 'aśaknuvan'.
सर्पादीनाम् (sarpādīnām) - of snakes and others, of serpents etc.
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarpādi
sarpādi - snakes and so forth, beginning with snakes
compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarpa+ādi)
- sarpa – snake, serpent
noun (masculine)
Root: sṛp (class 1) - ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
indeclinable
Note: Refers to the killing of snakes and similar creatures.
अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - not being able, unable
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśaknuvat
aśaknuvat - not able, unable, incapable
Present Active Participle
derived from śak (to be able) with negative prefix a-
Prefix: a
Root: śak (class 5)
एकैकसः (ekaikasaḥ) - individually, one by one, for each one
(indeclinable)
formed from ekaikam with suffix śas
चरेत् (caret) - he should perform, he should observe
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of car
optative mood
Parasmaipada, third person singular
Root: car (class 1)
कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - a difficult penance, an ordeal
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra
kṛcchra - difficult, painful, distress, penance, ordeal
Note: Object of the verb 'caret'.
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a twice-born (person), a Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth
compound
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
पापापनुत्तये (pāpāpanuttaye) - for the removal of sin, for expiation of sin
(noun)
Dative, feminine, singular of pāpāpanutti
pāpāpanutti - removal of sin, expiation of evil
compound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+apanutti)
- pāpa – sin, evil, bad deed
noun (neuter) - apanutti – removal, expiation, warding off
noun (feminine)
Prefix: apa
Root: nud (class 6)
Note: Expresses purpose.