मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-216
एकैकं ह्रासयेत पिण्डं कृष्णे शुक्ले च वर्धयेत ।
उपस्पृशंस्त्रिषवणमेतत्चाण्ड्रायणं स्मृतम ॥२१६॥
उपस्पृशंस्त्रिषवणमेतत्चाण्ड्रायणं स्मृतम ॥२१६॥
216. ekaikaṁ hrāsayet piṇḍaṁ kṛṣṇe śukle ca vardhayet ,
upaspṛśaṁstriṣavaṇametatcāṇḍrāyaṇaṁ smṛtam.
upaspṛśaṁstriṣavaṇametatcāṇḍrāyaṇaṁ smṛtam.
216.
ekaikam hrāsayeta piṇḍam kṛṣṇe śukle ca vardhayeta
upaspṛśan triṣavaṇam etat cāndrāyaṇam smṛtam
upaspṛśan triṣavaṇam etat cāndrāyaṇam smṛtam
216.
kṛṣṇe [pakṣe] ekaikam piṇḍam hrāsayeta ca śukle [pakṣe]
vardhayeta triṣavaṇam upaspṛśan etat cāndrāyaṇam smṛtam
vardhayeta triṣavaṇam upaspṛśan etat cāndrāyaṇam smṛtam
216.
One should gradually decrease the morsels of food during the dark fortnight and increase them during the bright fortnight, while bathing (or performing ablutions) three times daily. This is taught as the cāndrāyaṇa [penance].
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एकैकम् (ekaikam) - one by one, each one
- ह्रासयेत (hrāsayeta) - one should decrease, he should cause to diminish
- पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - a morsel, a lump (of food)
- कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - in the dark fortnight
- शुक्ले (śukle) - in the bright fortnight
- च (ca) - and
- वर्धयेत (vardhayeta) - one should increase, he should cause to grow
- उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - bathing, touching (water), performing ablutions
- त्रिषवणम् (triṣavaṇam) - thrice daily, at the three prescribed times (for bathing)
- एतत् (etat) - this
- चान्द्रायणम् (cāndrāyaṇam) - Cāndrāyaṇa (a specific penance)
- स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is remembered, is declared, is taught
Words meanings and morphology
एकैकम् (ekaikam) - one by one, each one
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ekaika
ekaika - one by one, each single one
Repetitive compound of eka.
Compound type : avyayibhava (eka+eka)
- eka – one, single
numeral
Note: Adverbial usage, modifying hrāsayet and vardhayet.
ह्रासयेत (hrāsayeta) - one should decrease, he should cause to diminish
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hrās
Causal form
Causal from hrā- (root hrī- 'to be ashamed, diminish') or from root hras- 'to diminish'
Root: hras (class 1)
पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - a morsel, a lump (of food)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of piṇḍa
piṇḍa - ball, lump, morsel, particle
Note: Object of hrāsayeta and vardhayeta.
कृष्णे (kṛṣṇe) - in the dark fortnight
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇa - dark, black; dark fortnight (of the month)
Note: Adverbial locative indicating time.
शुक्ले (śukle) - in the bright fortnight
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of śukla
śukla - bright, white; bright fortnight (of the month)
Note: Adverbial locative indicating time.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two clauses.
वर्धयेत (vardhayeta) - one should increase, he should cause to grow
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vardh
Causal form
Causal from root vṛdh- 'to grow'.
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - bathing, touching (water), performing ablutions
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upaspṛśat
upaspṛśat - touching, bathing, performing ablutions
Present Active Participle
Derived from root spṛś- 'to touch' with prefix upa-.
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: Implicitly refers to the person performing the penance.
त्रिषवणम् (triṣavaṇam) - thrice daily, at the three prescribed times (for bathing)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of triṣavaṇa
triṣavaṇa - three daily bathing times (morning, noon, evening)
Compound type : dvigu (tri+savana)
- tri – three
numeral - savana – pressing of soma, bath, morning ritual
noun (neuter)
Related to root su- 'to press'.
Root: su (class 5)
Note: Adverbial usage.
एतत् (etat) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Note: Refers to the described penance.
चान्द्रायणम् (cāndrāyaṇam) - Cāndrāyaṇa (a specific penance)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of cāndrāyaṇa
cāndrāyaṇa - a religious observance, a fast regulated by the moon's phases
Derived from candra 'moon'.
Note: Predicate noun for etat.
स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is remembered, is declared, is taught
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, recollected, declared, taught
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root smṛ- 'to remember'.
Root: smṛ (class 1)