मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-113
उष्णे वर्षति शीते वा मारुते वाति वा भृशम ।
न कुर्वीतात्मनस्त्राणं गोरकृत्वा तु शक्तितः ॥११३॥
न कुर्वीतात्मनस्त्राणं गोरकृत्वा तु शक्तितः ॥११३॥
113. uṣṇe varṣati śīte vā mārute vāti vā bhṛśam ,
na kurvītātmanastrāṇaṁ gorakṛtvā tu śaktitaḥ.
na kurvītātmanastrāṇaṁ gorakṛtvā tu śaktitaḥ.
113.
uṣṇe varṣati śīte vā mārute vāti vā bhṛśam na
kurvīta ātmanaḥ trāṇam goḥ akṛtvā tu śaktitaḥ
kurvīta ātmanaḥ trāṇam goḥ akṛtvā tu śaktitaḥ
113.
uṣṇe varṣati vā śīte vā mārute bhṛśam vāti vā
ātmanaḥ trāṇam na kurvīta tu goḥ akṛtvā śaktitaḥ
ātmanaḥ trāṇam na kurvīta tu goḥ akṛtvā śaktitaḥ
113.
When it is hot, or raining, or cold, or when the wind blows fiercely, one should not seek protection for one's own self (ātman) without first, to the best of one's ability, providing it for a cow.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उष्णे (uṣṇe) - in heat, when hot
- वर्षति (varṣati) - it rains
- शीते (śīte) - in cold, when cold
- वा (vā) - or, either
- मारुते (mārute) - in the wind, when the wind (blows)
- वाति (vāti) - it blows, he/she/it blows
- वा (vā) - or, either
- भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, excessively, strongly, fiercely
- न (na) - not, no
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should make
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for oneself, of oneself
- त्राणम् (trāṇam) - protection, shelter, safety
- गोः (goḥ) - of a cow, for a cow
- अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, having not done
- तु (tu) - but, indeed
- शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to one's ability, to the best of one's power
Words meanings and morphology
उष्णे (uṣṇe) - in heat, when hot
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of uṣṇa
uṣṇa - hot, warm; heat, warmth
Declined in locative singular neuter, acting adverbially.
Root: uṣ (class 1)
वर्षति (varṣati) - it rains
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of varṣati
Present Indicative, 3rd person singular
From √vṛṣ (1st class), present indicative, parasmaipada.
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
शीते (śīte) - in cold, when cold
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of śīta
śīta - cold, cool; coldness, coolness
Past Passive Participle
From √śyai 'to be cold'. Declined in locative singular neuter, acting adverbially.
Root: śyai
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
मारुते (mārute) - in the wind, when the wind (blows)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of māruta
māruta - wind, air; relating to the Maruts
Declined in locative singular masculine.
Root: marut
वाति (vāti) - it blows, he/she/it blows
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vāti
Present Indicative, 3rd person singular
From √vā (2nd class), present indicative, parasmaipada.
Root: vā (class 2)
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, excessively, strongly, fiercely
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - one should do, one should make
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kurvīta
Optative Mood, 3rd person singular
From √kṛ (8th class), optative mood, ātmanepada.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - for oneself, of oneself
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual (ātman)
Declined in genitive singular.
त्राणम् (trāṇam) - protection, shelter, safety
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of trāṇa
trāṇa - protection, shelter, safety, refuge
From √trā 'to protect'. Declined in accusative singular neuter.
Root: trā (class 2)
गोः (goḥ) - of a cow, for a cow
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of go
go - cow, ox, earth, ray of light
Declined in genitive singular (or dative singular).
अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without doing, having not done
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Negative absolutive from √kṛ (8th class) with the prefix 'a-'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तु (tu) - but, indeed
(indeclinable)
शक्तितः (śaktitaḥ) - according to one's ability, to the best of one's power
(indeclinable)
Derived from `śakti` (power, ability) with the suffix `-tas` (denoting 'from', 'by', 'according to').