मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-261
हत्वा लोकानपीमांस्त्रीनश्नन्नपि यतस्ततः ।
ऋग्वेदं धारयन विप्रो नैनः प्राप्नोति किं चन ॥२६१॥
ऋग्वेदं धारयन विप्रो नैनः प्राप्नोति किं चन ॥२६१॥
261. hatvā lokānapīmāṁstrīnaśnannapi yatastataḥ ,
ṛgvedaṁ dhārayan vipro nainaḥ prāpnoti kiṁ cana.
ṛgvedaṁ dhārayan vipro nainaḥ prāpnoti kiṁ cana.
261.
hatvā lokān api imān trīn aśnan api yataḥ tataḥ
ṛgvedam dhārayan vipraḥ na enaḥ prāpnoti kim cana
ṛgvedam dhārayan vipraḥ na enaḥ prāpnoti kim cana
261.
yataḥ tataḥ api aśnan imān trīn lokān api hatvā
ṛgvedam dhārayan vipraḥ enaḥ kim cana na prāpnoti
ṛgvedam dhārayan vipraḥ enaḥ kim cana na prāpnoti
261.
Even if one were to kill beings from these three worlds, and consume food from any source, a Brahmin (vipra) who knows the Ṛgveda incurs no sin whatsoever.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck
- लोकान् (lokān) - beings (worlds, people, beings)
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- इमान् (imān) - these
- त्रीन् (trīn) - three
- अश्नन् (aśnan) - consuming food (improperly) (eating, consuming)
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, because of which
- ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, then
- ऋग्वेदम् (ṛgvedam) - the Ṛgveda (the Rigveda)
- धारयन् (dhārayan) - knowing (holding, bearing, maintaining, knowing)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a sage, inspired one
- न (na) - not, no
- एनः (enaḥ) - sin, fault, guilt
- प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, incurs
- किम् (kim) - what, anything
- चन (cana) - even, indeed, whatsoever (indefinite particle)
Words meanings and morphology
हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
From root han + ktvā
Root: han (class 2)
लोकान् (lokān) - beings (worlds, people, beings)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of loka
loka - world, region, people, beings
Note: Object of hatvā
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis
इमान् (imān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of idam
idam - this
Note: Agrees with lokān
त्रीन् (trīn) - three
(numeral adjective)
Note: Agrees with lokān
अश्नन् (aśnan) - consuming food (improperly) (eating, consuming)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśnat
aśnat - eating, consuming
Present Active Participle
From root aś (to eat) + śatṛ
Root: aś (class 9)
Note: Agrees with vipraḥ
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis
यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from which, because of which
(indeclinable)
Ablative of relative pronoun yat
Note: Part of the pair yataḥ tataḥ
ततः (tataḥ) - from there, thence, then
(indeclinable)
Ablative of pronoun tad
Note: Part of the pair yataḥ tataḥ, meaning 'from anywhere'
ऋग्वेदम् (ṛgvedam) - the Ṛgveda (the Rigveda)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛgveda
ṛgveda - the Ṛgveda (the Veda of hymns, one of the four principal texts of Hinduism)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛc+veda)
- ṛc – hymn, verse
noun (feminine) - veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda
noun (masculine)
From root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Object of dhārayan
धारयन् (dhārayan) - knowing (holding, bearing, maintaining, knowing)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārayat
dhārayat - holding, bearing, maintaining, knowing
Present Active Participle
Causative of root dhṛ (to hold) + śatṛ
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with vipraḥ
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - a Brahmin, a sage, inspired one
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - a Brahmin, a sage, inspired one, priest
From root vip (to tremble, to inspire)
Root: vip (class 6)
Note: Subject of the main verb
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
एनः (enaḥ) - sin, fault, guilt
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of enas
enas - sin, fault, guilt
Note: Object of prāpnoti
प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, incurs
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp
present
3rd person singular present active
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
किम् (kim) - what, anything
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, which, anything (interrogative/indefinite pronoun)
Note: Part of the idiom kim cana meaning 'anything whatsoever' (with negation)
चन (cana) - even, indeed, whatsoever (indefinite particle)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with interrogatives to form indefinite pronouns (e.g., kim cana = anything)