मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-223
त्रिरह्नस्त्रिर्निशायां च सवासा जलमाविशेत ।
स्त्रीशूद्रपतितांश्चैव नाभिभाषेत कर्हि चित ॥२२३॥
स्त्रीशूद्रपतितांश्चैव नाभिभाषेत कर्हि चित ॥२२३॥
223. trirahnastrirniśāyāṁ ca savāsā jalamāviśet ,
strīśūdrapatitāṁścaiva nābhibhāṣeta karhi cit.
strīśūdrapatitāṁścaiva nābhibhāṣeta karhi cit.
223.
triḥ ahnaḥ triḥ niśāyām ca savāsāḥ jalam āviśet
strīśūdrapātitān ca eva na abhibhāṣet karhi cit
strīśūdrapātitān ca eva na abhibhāṣet karhi cit
223.
savāsāḥ triḥ ahnaḥ ca triḥ niśāyām jalam āviśet
ca eva strīśūdrapātitān karhi cit na abhibhāṣet
ca eva strīśūdrapātitān karhi cit na abhibhāṣet
223.
One should enter the water (for bathing), clothed, three times a day and three times at night. One should also never speak to women, śūdras, or outcasts.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्रिः (triḥ) - thrice, three times
- अह्नः (ahnaḥ) - of the day; by day
- त्रिः (triḥ) - thrice, three times
- निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night, in the night
- च (ca) - and, also
- सवासाः (savāsāḥ) - clothed, with clothes
- जलम् (jalam) - water
- आविशेत् (āviśet) - should bathe (by entering water) (should enter, should go into)
- स्त्रीशूद्रपातितान् (strīśūdrapātitān) - women, śūdras, and outcasts/fallen ones
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- न (na) - not, no
- अभिभाषेत् (abhibhāṣet) - should speak to, should address
- कर्हि (karhi) - ever (in conjunction with 'cit') (when, at what time)
- चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, ever
Words meanings and morphology
त्रिः (triḥ) - thrice, three times
(indeclinable)
अह्नः (ahnaḥ) - of the day; by day
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of ahan
ahan - day
त्रिः (triḥ) - thrice, three times
(indeclinable)
निशायाम् (niśāyām) - at night, in the night
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of niśā
niśā - night
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
सवासाः (savāsāḥ) - clothed, with clothes
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of savāsas
savāsas - clothed, wearing clothes
Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + vāsas (garment)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vāsas)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - vāsas – garment, clothing
noun (neuter)
जलम् (jalam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jala
jala - water
आविशेत् (āviśet) - should bathe (by entering water) (should enter, should go into)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ā-viś
Prefix: ā
Root: viś (class 6)
स्त्रीशूद्रपातितान् (strīśūdrapātitān) - women, śūdras, and outcasts/fallen ones
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of strīśūdrapātita
strīśūdrapātita - women, śūdras, and fallen ones
Dvandva compound listing categories of people
Compound type : dvandva (strī+śūdra+pātita)
- strī – woman, female
noun (feminine) - śūdra – a member of the śūdra varna (labouring class)
noun (masculine) - pātita – fallen, degraded, outcast
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root pat (to fall) with causative, or simply 'fallen'
Root: pat (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अभिभाषेत् (abhibhāṣet) - should speak to, should address
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of abhibhāṣ
Prefix: abhi
Root: bhāṣ (class 1)
कर्हि (karhi) - ever (in conjunction with 'cit') (when, at what time)
(indeclinable)
चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness, ever
(indeclinable)