मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-228
यथा यथा नरोऽधर्मं स्वयं कृत्वाऽनुभाषते ।
तथा तथा त्वचैवाहिस्तेनाधर्मेण मुच्यते ॥२२८॥
तथा तथा त्वचैवाहिस्तेनाधर्मेण मुच्यते ॥२२८॥
228. yathā yathā naro'dharmaṁ svayaṁ kṛtvā'nubhāṣate ,
tathā tathā tvacaivāhistenādharmeṇa mucyate.
tathā tathā tvacaivāhistenādharmeṇa mucyate.
228.
yathā yathā naraḥ adharmam svayam kṛtvā anubhāṣate
tathā tathā tvacā eva ahiḥ tena adharmeṇa mucyate
tathā tathā tvacā eva ahiḥ tena adharmeṇa mucyate
228.
yathā yathā naraḥ svayam adharmam kṛtvā anubhāṣate
tathā tathā ahiḥ tvacā eva tena adharmeṇa mucyate
tathā tathā ahiḥ tvacā eva tena adharmeṇa mucyate
228.
Just as a person, having committed an unrighteous act (adharma), openly acknowledges it, so too is he freed from that unrighteousness (adharma), much like a snake sheds its skin.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
- नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person, a human being
- अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, wrong, injustice
- स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself, oneself, personally
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made
- अनुभाषते (anubhāṣate) - speaks about, confesses, relates, repeats
- तथा (tathā) - so, in that way, accordingly
- तथा (tathā) - so, in that way, accordingly
- त्वचा (tvacā) - by skin, with its skin
- एव (eva) - just, indeed, only, like
- अहिः (ahiḥ) - a snake
- तेन (tena) - by that, from that
- अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, from unrighteousness (adharma)
- मुच्यते (mucyate) - is freed, is liberated, is released
Words meanings and morphology
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
(indeclinable)
Note: Repeated 'yathā yathā' conveys 'the more... the more'.
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which way
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the iterative expression 'yathā yathā'.
नरः (naraḥ) - a man, a person, a human being
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, human being, person
Root: nṛ
अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, wrong, injustice
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, vice, what is contrary to (dharma)
Negation of dharma
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative particle - dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, innate constitution
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ 'to uphold, support'
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself, oneself, personally
(indeclinable)
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
From root kṛ + -tvā suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अनुभाषते (anubhāṣate) - speaks about, confesses, relates, repeats
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anubhāṣ
present middle
From anu-bhāṣ, present middle third person singular
Prefix: anu
Root: bhāṣ (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - so, in that way, accordingly
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the iterative expression 'tathā tathā'.
तथा (tathā) - so, in that way, accordingly
(indeclinable)
Note: Part of the iterative expression 'tathā tathā'.
त्वचा (tvacā) - by skin, with its skin
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of tvac
tvac - skin, hide
एव (eva) - just, indeed, only, like
(indeclinable)
Emphasizes the preceding word. Here, it strengthens the simile 'like a snake itself'.
अहिः (ahiḥ) - a snake
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ahi
ahi - snake, serpent
Root: ah (class 1)
तेन (tena) - by that, from that
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this, he, she, it
Instrumental singular of 'tad' (neuter or masculine)
Note: Functions as a demonstrative adjective here, agreeing with 'adharmeṇa'.
अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteousness, from unrighteousness (adharma)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, vice
Negation of dharma
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative particle - dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, innate constitution
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ 'to uphold, support'
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
मुच्यते (mucyate) - is freed, is liberated, is released
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of muc
present passive
Present passive third person singular
Root: muc (class 6)