मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-37
नरके हि पतन्त्येते जुह्वन्तः स च यस्य तत ।
तस्माद वैतानकुशलो होता स्याद वेदपारगः ॥३७॥
तस्माद वैतानकुशलो होता स्याद वेदपारगः ॥३७॥
37. narake hi patantyete juhvantaḥ sa ca yasya tat ,
tasmād vaitānakuśalo hotā syād vedapāragaḥ.
tasmād vaitānakuśalo hotā syād vedapāragaḥ.
37.
narake hi patanti ete juhvantaḥ saḥ ca yasya
tataḥ tasmāt vaitānakūśalaḥ hotā syāt vedapāragaḥ
tataḥ tasmāt vaitānakūśalaḥ hotā syāt vedapāragaḥ
37.
hi ete juhvantaḥ ca saḥ yasya tataḥ narake patanti
tasmāt vaitānakūśalaḥ vedapāragaḥ hotā syāt
tasmāt vaitānakūśalaḥ vedapāragaḥ hotā syāt
37.
Indeed, these (incompetent officiants) who perform the `homa`, and he for whom they do so, fall into hell. Therefore, an officiant (`hotṛ`) skilled in (Vedic rituals) `vaitāna` and thoroughly conversant with the (Vedas) `vedapāraga` should be appointed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नरके (narake) - in hell
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely
- पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall
- एते (ete) - these (incompetent officiants mentioned previously) (these)
- जुह्वन्तः (juhvantaḥ) - those who are performing the `homa` (fire ritual) (offering, performing `homa`)
- सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the patron) (he)
- च (ca) - and
- यस्य (yasya) - for whom (the ritual is performed) (whose, for whom)
- ततः (tataḥ) - from him (the incompetent officiant), or for him (the patron) (from him, for him, thereby)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore
- वैतानकूशलः (vaitānakūśalaḥ) - skilled in the arrangement and performance of (Vedic rituals) `vaitāna` (skilled in Vedic rituals)
- होता (hotā) - the chief priest who recites invocations (officiant, priest)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be
- वेदपारगः (vedapāragaḥ) - thoroughly conversant with the (Vedas) (one who has mastered the Vedas, thoroughly conversant with the Vedas)
Words meanings and morphology
नरके (narake) - in hell
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, purgatory
हि (hi) - indeed, surely
(indeclinable)
Emphatic/causal particle
पतन्ति (patanti) - they fall
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat
Present
3rd person plural present tense
Root: pat (class 1)
एते (ete) - these (incompetent officiants mentioned previously) (these)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
जुह्वन्तः (juhvantaḥ) - those who are performing the `homa` (fire ritual) (offering, performing `homa`)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of juhvat
juhvat - offering, sacrificing, performing `homa`
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of hu (to offer, to sacrifice)
Root: hu (class 3)
सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the patron) (he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
यस्य (yasya) - for whom (the ritual is performed) (whose, for whom)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
ततः (tataḥ) - from him (the incompetent officiant), or for him (the patron) (from him, for him, thereby)
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Ablative singular of tad, used as an indeclinable or indicating 'from that person/cause'.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore
(indeclinable)
Ablative singular of tad, used as an indeclinable adverb meaning 'therefore'.
वैतानकूशलः (vaitānakūśalaḥ) - skilled in the arrangement and performance of (Vedic rituals) `vaitāna` (skilled in Vedic rituals)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaitānakūśala
vaitānakūśala - skilled in `vaitāna` (sacred fires or Vedic rituals)
Tatpurusha compound 'vaitāna' (relating to the sacred fires) + 'kuśala' (skilled).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaitāna+kuśala)
- vaitāna – relating to the sacred fires, sacred fire ritual
noun (masculine)
Derived from vitāna (extension, sacred fire) - kuśala – skilled, clever, auspicious
adjective (masculine)
होता (hotā) - the chief priest who recites invocations (officiant, priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hotṛ
hotṛ - sacrificer, priest, invoked
Agent noun from hu (to offer, to sacrifice)
Root: hu (class 3)
Note: Included in brackets in translation.
स्यात् (syāt) - should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
Optative
3rd person singular optative mood
Root: as (class 2)
वेदपारगः (vedapāragaḥ) - thoroughly conversant with the (Vedas) (one who has mastered the Vedas, thoroughly conversant with the Vedas)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vedapāraga
vedapāraga - one who has gone to the end of the Vedas, master of the Vedas
Tatpurusha compound 'veda' (Veda) + 'pāraga' (gone to the other side, traversed).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+pāraga)
- veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
noun (masculine)
From root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2) - pāraga – going to the other side, crossing over, proficient
adjective (masculine)
From pāra (other side) + ga (going)
Root: gam (class 1)