मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-29
विश्वैश्च देवैः साध्यैश्च ब्राह्मणैश्च महर्षिभिः ।
आपत्सु मरणाद भीतैर्विधेः प्रतिनिधिः कृतः ॥२९॥
आपत्सु मरणाद भीतैर्विधेः प्रतिनिधिः कृतः ॥२९॥
29. viśvaiśca devaiḥ sādhyaiśca brāhmaṇaiśca maharṣibhiḥ ,
āpatsu maraṇād bhītairvidheḥ pratinidhiḥ kṛtaḥ.
āpatsu maraṇād bhītairvidheḥ pratinidhiḥ kṛtaḥ.
29.
viśvaiḥ ca devaiḥ sādhyaiḥ ca brāhmaṇaiḥ ca maharṣibhiḥ
āpatsu maraṇāt bhītaiḥ vidheḥ pratiniḍhiḥ kṛtaḥ
āpatsu maraṇāt bhītaiḥ vidheḥ pratiniḍhiḥ kṛtaḥ
29.
āpatsu maraṇāt bhītaiḥ viśvaiḥ devaiḥ ca sādhyaiḥ ca
brāhmaṇaiḥ ca maharṣibhiḥ vidheḥ pratiniḍhiḥ kṛtaḥ
brāhmaṇaiḥ ca maharṣibhiḥ vidheḥ pratiniḍhiḥ kṛtaḥ
29.
A substitute for the ordinance (vidhi) was created by all the Viśva deities, the Sādhya deities, the Brahmins, and the great sages, who, in times of distress, were fearful of death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- विश्वैः (viśvaiḥ) - by the Viśva deities (by all, by the Viśvas (a class of deities))
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods (by deities, by gods)
- साध्यैः (sādhyaiḥ) - by the Sādhya deities (by the Sādhyas (a class of deities), by those to be accomplished)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the priestly class (by Brahmins)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by the most respected sages (by great sages)
- आपत्सु (āpatsu) - during times of extreme difficulty or danger (in distresses, in calamities)
- मरणात् (maraṇāt) - out of fear of death (from death, owing to death)
- भीतैः (bhītaiḥ) - by those who feared (death) (by the frightened, by those fearing)
- विधेः (vidheḥ) - of the established ritual or moral rule (of the rule, of the ordinance, of destiny)
- प्रतिनितिढिः (pratinitiḍhiḥ) - an alternative action allowed instead of the primary one (substitute, proxy, representative)
- कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - established, created (made, done, performed)
Words meanings and morphology
विश्वैः (viśvaiḥ) - by the Viśva deities (by all, by the Viśvas (a class of deities))
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśva
viśva - all, whole, universal; a class of deities (Viśve Devāḥ)
Note: Used with devaiḥ.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods (by deities, by gods)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity, divine being
Root: div (class 4)
साध्यैः (sādhyaiḥ) - by the Sādhya deities (by the Sādhyas (a class of deities), by those to be accomplished)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sādhya
sādhya - to be accomplished, practicable; a class of celestial beings
Gerundive
from root sādh (to accomplish)
Root: sādh (class 1)
Note: Used with ca.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by the priestly class (by Brahmins)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, relating to Brahman, sacerdotal
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by the most respected sages (by great sages)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of maharṣi
maharṣi - great sage, great seer
mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)
- mahā – great, mighty
adjective - ṛṣi – sage, seer
noun (masculine)
आपत्सु (āpatsu) - during times of extreme difficulty or danger (in distresses, in calamities)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of āpad
āpad - distress, calamity, misfortune, danger
From ā + √pad
Root: pad (class 4)
मरणात् (maraṇāt) - out of fear of death (from death, owing to death)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of maraṇa
maraṇa - death, dying
verbal noun
from root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 1)
Note: Often used with bhītaiḥ (fear from something).
भीतैः (bhītaiḥ) - by those who feared (death) (by the frightened, by those fearing)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhīta
bhīta - afraid, terrified, frightened
Past Passive Participle
from root bhī (to fear)
Root: bhī (class 3)
विधेः (vidheḥ) - of the established ritual or moral rule (of the rule, of the ordinance, of destiny)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vidhi
vidhi - rule, ordinance, injunction, method, destiny, fate
from root dhā (to place, arrange) with prefix vi
Prefix: vi
Root: dhā (class 3)
प्रतिनितिढिः (pratinitiḍhiḥ) - an alternative action allowed instead of the primary one (substitute, proxy, representative)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratinitiḍhi
pratinitiḍhi - substitute, proxy, representative, equivalent
from prati + ni + dhā
Prefixes: prati+ni
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Subject of the passive sentence.
कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - established, created (made, done, performed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta
kṛta - made, done, performed, created
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ (to do, make)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicate for pratiniḍhiḥ.