मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-13
आहरेत त्रीणि वा द्वे वा कामं शूद्रस्य वेश्मनः ।
न हि शूद्रस्य यज्ञेषु कश्चिदस्ति परिग्रहः ॥१३॥
न हि शूद्रस्य यज्ञेषु कश्चिदस्ति परिग्रहः ॥१३॥
13. āharet trīṇi vā dve vā kāmaṁ śūdrasya veśmanaḥ ,
na hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kaścidasti parigrahaḥ.
na hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kaścidasti parigrahaḥ.
13.
āharet trīṇi vā dve vā kāmam śūdrasya veśmanaḥ
na hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kaścit asti parigrahaḥ
na hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kaścit asti parigrahaḥ
13.
śūdrasya veśmanaḥ trīṇi vā dve vā kāmam āharet;
hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kascit parigrahaḥ na asti
hi śūdrasya yajñeṣu kascit parigrahaḥ na asti
13.
One may take three or even two (parts of wealth), or as much as desired, from the house of a Śūdra; for indeed, a Śūdra has no claim or participation in (Vedic rituals) (yajña).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आहरेत् (āharet) - one may take (from a Śūdra's house) (one should take, should procure, should bring)
- त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three (items or portions of wealth) (three)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- द्वे (dve) - two (items or portions of wealth) (two)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- कामम् (kāmam) - as much as desired, as necessary (as desired, willingly, freely, indeed)
- शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra
- वेश्मनः (veśmanaḥ) - from the household property (from the house, from the dwelling)
- न (na) - not, no
- हि (hi) - for, providing a reason (indeed, for, because, surely)
- शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra
- यज्ञेषु (yajñeṣu) - regarding matters of (Vedic rituals) (in (Vedic rituals), among offerings)
- कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (claim, right) (any, someone, something)
- अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
- परिग्रहः (parigrahaḥ) - claim, right, participation (in rituals) (acquisition, possession, property, claim, participation, inclusion)
Words meanings and morphology
आहरेत् (āharet) - one may take (from a Śūdra's house) (one should take, should procure, should bring)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hṛ
Optative Mood, Third Person Singular
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Implies 'one (the king/authority) should take.'
त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three (items or portions of wealth) (three)
(numeral)
Note: Refers to implied items or portions of wealth (dravya).
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
द्वे (dve) - two (items or portions of wealth) (two)
(numeral)
Note: Refers to implied items or portions of wealth (dravya).
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
कामम् (kāmam) - as much as desired, as necessary (as desired, willingly, freely, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Root: kam (class 1)
Note: Adverbial accusative.
शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a man of the fourth or lowest of the four original classes (servant class)
Note: Possessive, related to veśmanaḥ.
वेश्मनः (veśmanaḥ) - from the household property (from the house, from the dwelling)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of veśman
veśman - house, dwelling, abode
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Indicates source from which something is taken.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - for, providing a reason (indeed, for, because, surely)
(indeclinable)
शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - of a Śūdra
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a man of the fourth or lowest of the four original classes (servant class)
Note: Possessive, related to parigrahaḥ.
यज्ञेषु (yajñeṣu) - regarding matters of (Vedic rituals) (in (Vedic rituals), among offerings)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of yajña
yajña - a Vedic ritual, sacrifice, an offering, devotion
from √yaj 'to worship, sacrifice'
Root: yaj (class 1)
Note: Indicates the sphere or context.
कश्चित् (kaścit) - any (claim, right) (any, someone, something)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid
kaścid - someone, something, any, a certain
from kim + cid
Note: Qualifies parigrahaḥ.
अस्ति (asti) - is, exists
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as
Present Indicative, Third Person Singular
Root: as (class 2)
परिग्रहः (parigrahaḥ) - claim, right, participation (in rituals) (acquisition, possession, property, claim, participation, inclusion)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of parigraha
parigraha - taking, seizing, acquiring, property, possession, accepting, participation, right
from pari-√grah 'to seize, surround'
Prefix: pari
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Subject of asti, negated by na.