मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-87
हत्वा गर्भमविज्ञातमेतदेव व्रतं चरेत ।
राजन्यवैश्यौ चैजानावात्रेयीमेव च स्त्रियम ॥८७॥
राजन्यवैश्यौ चैजानावात्रेयीमेव च स्त्रियम ॥८७॥
87. hatvā garbhamavijñātametadeva vrataṁ caret ,
rājanyavaiśyau caijānāvātreyīmeva ca striyam.
rājanyavaiśyau caijānāvātreyīmeva ca striyam.
87.
hatvā garbham avijñātam etat eva vratam caret
rājanyavaiśyau ca ejānāu ātreyīm eva ca striyam
rājanyavaiśyau ca ejānāu ātreyīm eva ca striyam
87.
garbham avijñātam hatvā,
etat eva vratam caret.
rājanyavaiśyau ca ātreyīm eva ca striyam ejānāu (api etat vratam caret).
etat eva vratam caret.
rājanyavaiśyau ca ātreyīm eva ca striyam ejānāu (api etat vratam caret).
87.
Having killed an unknown fetus, one should perform this very vow. Likewise, if a kṣatriya or a vaiśya has agitated an Ātreyī woman or any (other) woman, they should also observe it.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck
- गर्भम् (garbham) - fetus, embryo, womb, inside
- अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, undiscovered, not understood
- एतत् (etat) - this, this one
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
- व्रतम् (vratam) - penance, prescribed religious observance (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)
- चरेत् (caret) - one should perform, one should observe, one should do
- राजन्यवैश्यौ (rājanyavaiśyau) - a kṣatriya and a vaiśya
- च (ca) - also, implying an additional condition (and, also, moreover)
- एजानाउ (ejānāu) - having disturbed or distressed (having agitated, having caused to tremble)
- आत्रेयीम् (ātreyīm) - a Brāhmaṇa woman (specifically of Atri lineage) (an Ātreyī woman (descendant of Atri), a Brāhmaṇa woman)
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
- च (ca) - or, indicating alternative (and, also, moreover)
- स्त्रियम् (striyam) - any woman (woman, wife)
Words meanings and morphology
हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having struck
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from root han with suffix -tvā.
Root: han (class 2)
गर्भम् (garbham) - fetus, embryo, womb, inside
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of garbha
garbha - fetus, embryo, womb, interior
Note: Object of hatvā.
अविज्ञातम् (avijñātam) - unknown, undiscovered, not understood
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of avijñāta
avijñāta - unknown, undiscovered
Past Passive Participle
Formed from prefix a- (negation) + root jñā (to know) with prefix vi-.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vijñāta)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - vijñāta – known, understood, discovered
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From prefix vi- and root jñā (to know).
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Agrees with garbham.
एतत् (etat) - this, this one
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Agrees with vratam.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
(indeclinable)
Particle for emphasis.
व्रतम् (vratam) - penance, prescribed religious observance (vow, sacred observance, religious duty)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vrata
vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious duty, conduct
Note: Object of caret.
चरेत् (caret) - one should perform, one should observe, one should do
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car
Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular
Implies duty or obligation.
Root: car (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is 'one'.
राजन्यवैश्यौ (rājanyavaiśyau) - a kṣatriya and a vaiśya
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of rājanyavaiśya
rājanyavaiśya - a kṣatriya and a vaiśya (dual of rājanya and vaiśya)
Dvandva compound of rājanya and vaiśya.
Compound type : dvandva (rājanya+vaiśya)
- rājanya – a member of the royal or warrior class, a kṣatriya
noun (masculine)
From rājan (king). - vaiśya – a member of the merchant or agricultural class, a vaiśya
noun (masculine)
From viś (settlement, community).
Note: Subject of the implied verb.
च (ca) - also, implying an additional condition (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
एजानाउ (ejānāu) - having disturbed or distressed (having agitated, having caused to tremble)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, dual of ejāna
ejāna - agitating, causing to tremble, distressed
Present Participle (Ātmanepada)
From root ej (to tremble, agitate), with śānac suffix.
Root: ej (class 1)
Note: Agrees with rājanyavaiśyau.
आत्रेयीम् (ātreyīm) - a Brāhmaṇa woman (specifically of Atri lineage) (an Ātreyī woman (descendant of Atri), a Brāhmaṇa woman)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ātreyī
ātreyī - a female descendant of Atri, a Brāhmaṇa woman
Feminine form of Ātreya.
Note: Object of ejānāu.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
(indeclinable)
Particle for emphasis.
Note: Emphasizes 'Ātreyīm'.
च (ca) - or, indicating alternative (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction. Can mean 'or' when paired with 'eva' in certain constructions.
स्त्रियम् (striyam) - any woman (woman, wife)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman, wife, female
Note: Object of ejānāu, parallel to ātreyīm.