मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-11, verse-21
न तस्मिन धारयेद दण्डं धार्मिकः पृथिवीपतिः ।
क्षत्रियस्य हि बालिश्याद ब्राह्मणः सीदति क्षुधा ॥२१॥
क्षत्रियस्य हि बालिश्याद ब्राह्मणः सीदति क्षुधा ॥२१॥
21. na tasmin dhārayed daṇḍaṁ dhārmikaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ ,
kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyād brāhmaṇaḥ sīdati kṣudhā.
kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyād brāhmaṇaḥ sīdati kṣudhā.
21.
na tasmin dhārayed daṇḍam dhārmikaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ
| kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ sīdati kṣudhā
| kṣatriyasya hi bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ sīdati kṣudhā
21.
dhārmikaḥ pṛthivīpatiḥ tasmin daṇḍam na dhārayed
hi kṣatriyasya bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ kṣudhā sīdati
hi kṣatriyasya bāliśyāt brāhmaṇaḥ kṣudhā sīdati
21.
A righteous ruler should not inflict punishment upon him (a Brahmin). For, indeed, a Brahmin suffers from hunger due to the foolishness of a kṣatriya.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on a Brahmin (on him, in that (masculine/neuter locative singular))
- धारयेद् (dhārayed) - should inflict, should hold, should maintain
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, staff, rod
- धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous, virtuous, religious
- पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
- क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya, of a warrior, of a ruler
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely
- बालिश्यात् (bāliśyāt) - from foolishness, due to folly
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
- सीदति (sīdati) - sinks, suffers, perishes, is dejected
- क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger, with hunger
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - on a Brahmin (on him, in that (masculine/neuter locative singular))
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
धारयेद् (dhārayed) - should inflict, should hold, should maintain
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dhṛ
optative mood
root dhṛ (to hold), 1st conjugation, optative 3rd singular
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, staff, rod
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - staff, rod, punishment, scepter
धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous, virtuous, religious
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārmika
dhārmika - righteous, virtuous, upholding dharma
पृथिवीपतिः (pṛthivīpatiḥ) - king, ruler of the earth
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛthivīpati
pṛthivīpati - lord of the earth, king, ruler
Compound type : śaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)
- pṛthivī – earth, world
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya, of a warrior, of a ruler
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the warrior/ruling class
हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely
(indeclinable)
बालिश्यात् (bāliśyāt) - from foolishness, due to folly
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of bāliśya
bāliśya - foolishness, childishness, folly
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, Brahmin
सीदति (sīdati) - sinks, suffers, perishes, is dejected
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of sad
present indicative
root sad (to sit, sink), 1st conjugation, present 3rd singular
Root: sad (class 1)
क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger, with hunger
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudh
kṣudh - hunger, appetite