मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-419
अहन्यहन्यवेक्षेत कर्मान्तान वाहनानि च ।
आयव्ययौ च नियतावाकरान कोशमेव च ॥४१९॥
आयव्ययौ च नियतावाकरान कोशमेव च ॥४१९॥
419. ahanyahanyavekṣeta karmāntān vāhanāni ca ,
āyavyayau ca niyatāvākarān kośameva ca.
āyavyayau ca niyatāvākarān kośameva ca.
419.
ahanyahani avekṣeta karmāntān vāhanāni ca
āyavyayau ca niyatāu ākarān kośam eva ca
āyavyayau ca niyatāu ākarān kośam eva ca
419.
ahanyahani karmāntān vāhanāni ca āyavyayau ca niyatāu ākarān eva ca kośam avekṣeta.
419.
Daily, the king should oversee the public works and conveyances, as well as the regular income and expenditure, the mines, and also the treasury.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अहन्यहनि (ahanyahani) - daily, day by day
- अवेक्षेत (avekṣeta) - he should inspect, he should supervise, he should oversee
- कर्मान्तान् (karmāntān) - undertakings, public works, businesses
- वाहनानि (vāhanāni) - vehicles, conveyances
- च (ca) - and
- आयव्ययौ (āyavyayau) - income and expenditure
- च (ca) - and
- नियताउ (niyatāu) - fixed, regular, constant
- आकरान् (ākarān) - mines, sources of revenue
- कोशम् (kośam) - treasury, store, fund
- एव (eva) - just, only, indeed
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
अहन्यहनि (ahanyahani) - daily, day by day
(indeclinable)
reduplicated adverbial compound (locative singular of ahan repeated)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (ahan+ahan)
- ahan – day
noun (neuter) - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Note: Adverbial usage.
अवेक्षेत (avekṣeta) - he should inspect, he should supervise, he should oversee
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of avekṣ
optative middle
from root īkṣ-, with prefix ava-, 3rd person singular optative middle
Prefix: ava
Root: īkṣ (class 1)
Note: Implied subject is 'the king'.
कर्मान्तान् (karmāntān) - undertakings, public works, businesses
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of karmānta
karmānta - end of work, business, undertaking, public works
compound of karman and anta
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karman+anta)
- karman – action, deed, duty, work
noun (neuter)
from kṛ- ('to do')
Root: kṛ (class 8) - anta – end, limit, vicinity
noun (masculine)
वाहनानि (vāhanāni) - vehicles, conveyances
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of vāhana
vāhana - vehicle, conveyance, carrying
from root vah- ('to carry')
Root: vah (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
particle
आयव्ययौ (āyavyayau) - income and expenditure
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of āyavyaya
āyavyaya - income and expenditure
dvandva compound of āya and vyaya
Compound type : dvandva (āya+vyaya)
- āya – income, revenue
noun (masculine)
from ā-i- ('to come')
Prefix: ā
Root: i (class 2) - vyaya – expenditure, expense
noun (masculine)
from vi-i- ('to go away')
Prefix: vi
Root: i (class 2)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
particle
नियताउ (niyatāu) - fixed, regular, constant
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, dual of niyata
niyata - fixed, regular, restrained, appointed
Past Passive Participle
from root yam- ('to restrain') with prefix ni-
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Agrees with āyavyayau.
आकरान् (ākarān) - mines, sources of revenue
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ākara
ākara - mine, source, origin
from ā-kṛ- ('to scatter', 'to extract')
Prefix: ā
Root: kṛ (class 6)
कोशम् (kośam) - treasury, store, fund
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kośa
kośa - treasury, fund, sheath, casket
एव (eva) - just, only, indeed
(indeclinable)
particle
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
particle