मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-271
नामजातिग्रहं त्वेषामभिद्रोहेण कुर्वतः ।
निक्षेप्योऽयोमयः शङ्कुर्ज्वलन्नास्ये दशाङ्गुलः ॥२७१॥
निक्षेप्योऽयोमयः शङ्कुर्ज्वलन्नास्ये दशाङ्गुलः ॥२७१॥
271. nāmajātigrahaṁ tveṣāmabhidroheṇa kurvataḥ ,
nikṣepyo'yomayaḥ śaṅkurjvalannāsye daśāṅgulaḥ.
nikṣepyo'yomayaḥ śaṅkurjvalannāsye daśāṅgulaḥ.
271.
nāmajātigraham tu eṣām abhidroheṇa kurvataḥ
nikṣepyaḥ ayaḥmayaḥ śaṅkuḥ jvalan āsye daśāṅgulaḥ
nikṣepyaḥ ayaḥmayaḥ śaṅkuḥ jvalan āsye daśāṅgulaḥ
271.
tu eṣām abhidroheṇa nāmajātigraham kurvataḥ āsye
jvalan daśāṅgulaḥ ayaḥmayaḥ śaṅkuḥ nikṣepyaḥ
jvalan daśāṅgulaḥ ayaḥmayaḥ śaṅkuḥ nikṣepyaḥ
271.
But for one who, out of malice, mentions the names and castes of these (the twice-born), a burning iron rod, ten fingers long, should be inserted into his mouth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- नामजातिग्रहम् (nāmajātigraham) - mentioning/taking names and castes
- तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphatic) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (twice-born, from previous context) (of these (masculine/neuter plural))
- अभिद्रोहेण (abhidroheṇa) - by malice, with hostility, with ill-will
- कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - of one who is doing, for one who does, while doing
- निक्षेप्यः (nikṣepyaḥ) - should be placed, should be thrown, to be inserted
- अयःमयः (ayaḥmayaḥ) - made of iron, iron
- शङ्कुः (śaṅkuḥ) - a rod, a spike, a peg
- ज्वलन् (jvalan) - burning, blazing, shining
- आस्ये (āsye) - in the mouth, on the face
- दशाङ्गुलः (daśāṅgulaḥ) - ten fingers long, ten fingers' breadth
Words meanings and morphology
नामजातिग्रहम् (nāmajātigraham) - mentioning/taking names and castes
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nāmajātigraha
nāmajātigraha - mentioning name and caste/lineage
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāma+jāti+graha)
- nāma – name, appellation
noun (neuter) - jāti – birth, origin, lineage, caste
noun (feminine)
Root: jan (class 4) - graha – taking, seizing, mentioning, grasping
noun (masculine)
Derived from root grah- (to seize, take).
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Object of `kurvataḥ`.
तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphatic) (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (twice-born, from previous context) (of these (masculine/neuter plural))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to the `dvijātīn` from the previous verse.
अभिद्रोहेण (abhidroheṇa) - by malice, with hostility, with ill-will
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhidroha
abhidroha - malice, hostility, treachery, injury
From prefix abhi- and root druh- (to injure, to be hostile).
Prefix: abhi
Root: druh (class 4)
कुर्वतः (kurvataḥ) - of one who is doing, for one who does, while doing
(participle)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kurvat
kurvat - doing, making, performing
Present Active Participle
From root kṛ- (to do) with the -śatṛ suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies an implied subject (e.g., `tasya`).
निक्षेप्यः (nikṣepyaḥ) - should be placed, should be thrown, to be inserted
(gerundive)
Note: Agrees with `śaṅkuḥ`.
अयःमयः (ayaḥmayaḥ) - made of iron, iron
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ayasmaya
ayasmaya - made of iron, metallic
Derived from ayas (iron) with the suffix -maya (made of).
Note: Agrees with `śaṅkuḥ`.
शङ्कुः (śaṅkuḥ) - a rod, a spike, a peg
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṅku
śaṅku - a peg, a stake, a spike, a rod
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Subject of the implied passive verb.
ज्वलन् (jvalan) - burning, blazing, shining
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat
jvalat - burning, blazing, shining
Present Active Participle
From root jval- (to burn, to shine) with the -śatṛ suffix.
Root: jval (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `śaṅkuḥ`.
आस्ये (āsye) - in the mouth, on the face
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of āsya
āsya - mouth, face
From root as (to eat) or related to ās (to sit, preside).
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Locative of place.
दशाङ्गुलः (daśāṅgulaḥ) - ten fingers long, ten fingers' breadth
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daśāṅgula
daśāṅgula - ten fingers long/broad
Compound of daśa (ten) and aṅgula (finger, finger's breadth).
Compound type : dvigu (daśa+aṅgula)
- daśa – ten
numeral - aṅgula – a finger, a finger's breadth (unit of measure)
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with `śaṅkuḥ`.