मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-268
पञ्चाशद ब्राह्मणो दण्ड्यः क्षत्रियस्याभिशंसने ।
वैश्ये स्यादर्धपञ्चाशत्शूद्रे द्वादशको दमः ॥२६८॥
वैश्ये स्यादर्धपञ्चाशत्शूद्रे द्वादशको दमः ॥२६८॥
268. pañcāśad brāhmaṇo daṇḍyaḥ kṣatriyasyābhiśaṁsane ,
vaiśye syādardhapañcāśatśūdre dvādaśako damaḥ.
vaiśye syādardhapañcāśatśūdre dvādaśako damaḥ.
268.
pañcāśat brāhmaṇaḥ daṇḍyaḥ kṣatriyasya abhiśaṃsane
vaiśye syāt ardhapañcāśat śūdre dvādaśakaḥ damaḥ
vaiśye syāt ardhapañcāśat śūdre dvādaśakaḥ damaḥ
268.
brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyasya abhiśaṃsane pañcāśat daṇḍyaḥ
vaiśye ardhapañcāśat syāt śūdre dvādaśakaḥ damaḥ (syāt)
vaiśye ardhapañcāśat syāt śūdre dvādaśakaḥ damaḥ (syāt)
268.
If a brahmin slanders a kṣatriya, he should be fined fifty (coins). If he slanders a vaiśya, the fine should be twenty-five, and if a śūdra, the fine is twelve.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty (coins) (fifty)
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, to be fined
- क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya
- अभिशंसने (abhiśaṁsane) - in the act of slandering, in accusing
- वैश्ये (vaiśye) - in the case of a vaiśya, towards a vaiśya
- स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be
- अर्धपञ्चाशत् (ardhapañcāśat) - twenty-five, half of fifty
- शूद्रे (śūdre) - in the case of a śūdra, towards a śūdra
- द्वादशकः (dvādaśakaḥ) - consisting of twelve, twelve-fold
- दमः (damaḥ) - fine, punishment
Words meanings and morphology
पञ्चाशत् (pañcāśat) - fifty (coins) (fifty)
(numeral)
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, member of the priestly class
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, to be fined
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment
Gerundive
Gerundive from root daṇḍ 'to punish'
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Gerundive, masculine nominative singular
क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a kṣatriya, member of the warrior and ruling class
अभिशंसने (abhiśaṁsane) - in the act of slandering, in accusing
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of abhiśaṃsana
abhiśaṁsana - slandering, accusing, defaming
Derived from root śaṃs 'to praise, speak' with upasarga abhi, signifying negative action.
Prefix: abhi
Root: śaṃs (class 1)
Note: denotes the occasion/condition
वैश्ये (vaiśye) - in the case of a vaiśya, towards a vaiśya
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a vaiśya, member of the merchant and farmer class
Note: denotes the object of slander
स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
Optative Mood
Optative mood, third person singular, active voice, parasmaipada of root as
Root: as (class 2)
अर्धपञ्चाशत् (ardhapañcāśat) - twenty-five, half of fifty
(numeral)
Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+pañcāśat)
- ardha – half
noun (neuter) - pañcāśat – fifty
numeral (feminine)
शूद्रे (śūdre) - in the case of a śūdra, towards a śūdra
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a śūdra, member of the servant class
Note: denotes the object of slander
द्वादशकः (dvādaśakaḥ) - consisting of twelve, twelve-fold
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvādaśaka
dvādaśaka - consisting of twelve, twelve-fold
Derived from dvādaśan 'twelve' with -ka suffix.
Note: agreeing with damaḥ
दमः (damaḥ) - fine, punishment
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - fine, punishment, self-control