मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-338
ब्राह्मणस्य चतुःषष्टिः पूर्णं वाऽपि शतं भवेत ।
द्विगुणा वा चतुःषष्टिस्तद्दोषगुणविद्द हि सः ॥३३८॥
द्विगुणा वा चतुःषष्टिस्तद्दोषगुणविद्द हि सः ॥३३८॥
338. brāhmaṇasya catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ pūrṇaṁ vā'pi śataṁ bhavet ,
dviguṇā vā catuḥṣaṣṭistaddoṣaguṇavidd hi saḥ.
dviguṇā vā catuḥṣaṣṭistaddoṣaguṇavidd hi saḥ.
338.
brāhmaṇasya catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ pūrṇam vā api śatam bhavet
dviguṇā vā catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ tat doṣaguṇavit hi saḥ
dviguṇā vā catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ tat doṣaguṇavit hi saḥ
338.
brāhmaṇasya catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ vā api śatam pūrṇam bhavet
vā dviguṇā catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ saḥ hi tat doṣaguṇavit
vā dviguṇā catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ saḥ hi tat doṣaguṇavit
338.
The testimony of a Brahmin (brāhmaṇa) should be considered as equivalent to sixty-four (witnesses), or even a full hundred. Or it may be double sixty-four, for he is indeed knowledgeable of the faults and merits [of the matter].
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin (as a witness) (of a Brahmin, pertaining to a Brahmin)
- चतुःषष्टिः (catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty-four (witnesses) (sixty-four)
- पूर्णम् (pūrṇam) - full (hundred) (full, complete, entire)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- शतम् (śatam) - hundred (witnesses) (hundred)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be considered (equivalent) (may be, should be)
- द्विगुणा (dviguṇā) - double (double, twofold)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either)
- चतुःषष्टिः (catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty-four (witnesses) (sixty-four)
- तत् (tat) - its (faults and merits - referring to the matter/case) (that, its)
- दोषगुणवित् (doṣaguṇavit) - knowledgeable of the faults and merits (of the case) (knower of faults and merits)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin (as a witness) (of a Brahmin, pertaining to a Brahmin)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class, relating to Brahman
From brahman + aṇ suffix.
चतुःषष्टिः (catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty-four (witnesses) (sixty-four)
(numeral noun)
Compound type : dvandva (catur+ṣaṣṭi)
- catur – four
numeral - ṣaṣṭi – sixty
numeral noun (feminine)
पूर्णम् (pūrṇam) - full (hundred) (full, complete, entire)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrṇa
pūrṇa - full, complete, fulfilled
Past Passive Participle
From root pṛ (to fill) + kta suffix.
Root: pṛ (class 3)
Note: Agrees with śatam.
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
शतम् (śatam) - hundred (witnesses) (hundred)
(numeral noun)
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be considered (equivalent) (may be, should be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū
Optative mood, 3rd person singular
From root bhū, Parasmaipada, Optative, 3rd singular.
Root: bhū (class 1)
द्विगुणा (dviguṇā) - double (double, twofold)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dviguṇa
dviguṇa - double, twofold, multiplied by two
Compound of dvi (two) and guṇa (quality/fold).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+guṇa)
- dvi – two
numeral - guṇa – quality, fold
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ.
वा (vā) - or (or, either)
(indeclinable)
चतुःषष्टिः (catuḥṣaṣṭiḥ) - sixty-four (witnesses) (sixty-four)
(numeral noun)
Compound type : dvandva (catur+ṣaṣṭi)
- catur – four
numeral - ṣaṣṭi – sixty
numeral noun (feminine)
तत् (tat) - its (faults and merits - referring to the matter/case) (that, its)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: In taddoṣaguṇavit, tad is a pronominal stem used in a compound to refer to 'its' or 'the'.
दोषगुणवित् (doṣaguṇavit) - knowledgeable of the faults and merits (of the case) (knower of faults and merits)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣaguṇavit
doṣaguṇavit - knower of merits and demerits, one who distinguishes good from bad
Agent noun (kṛt affix kvip)
Compound doṣa-guṇa (faults and merits) + root vid (to know) + kvip affix.
Compound type : tatpurusha (doṣa+guṇa+vid)
- doṣa – fault, defect, vice
noun (masculine) - guṇa – merit, virtue, quality
noun (masculine) - vid – knower, one who knows
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
From root vid with kvip suffix
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: doṣaguṇavit is the actual word after undoing sandhi.
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular of tad.
Note: Refers to the brāhmaṇa.