मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-257
यथोक्तेन नयन्तस्ते पूयन्ते सत्यसाक्षिणः ।
विपरीतं नयन्तस्तु दाप्याः स्युर्द्विशतं दमम ॥२५७॥
विपरीतं नयन्तस्तु दाप्याः स्युर्द्विशतं दमम ॥२५७॥
257. yathoktena nayantaste pūyante satyasākṣiṇaḥ ,
viparītaṁ nayantastu dāpyāḥ syurdviśataṁ damam.
viparītaṁ nayantastu dāpyāḥ syurdviśataṁ damam.
257.
yathoktena nayantaḥ te pūyante satyasākṣiṇaḥ
viparītam nayantaḥ tu dāpyāḥ syuḥ dviśatam damam
viparītam nayantaḥ tu dāpyāḥ syuḥ dviśatam damam
257.
yathoktena nayantaḥ te satyasākṣiṇaḥ pūyante tu
viparītam nayantaḥ dviśatam damam dāpyāḥ syuḥ
viparītam nayantaḥ dviśatam damam dāpyāḥ syuḥ
257.
Those truthful witnesses who lead according to what was stated are purified. However, those who lead to the contrary (by giving false testimony) should be made to pay a fine of two hundred.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथोक्तेन (yathoktena) - according to what was stated, as said
- नयन्तः (nayantaḥ) - giving testimony (leading, guiding, bringing)
- ते (te) - they, those
- पूयन्ते (pūyante) - they are purified
- सत्यसाक्षिणः (satyasākṣiṇaḥ) - truthful witnesses
- विपरीतम् (viparītam) - false testimony (the opposite, contrary)
- नयन्तः (nayantaḥ) - giving testimony (leading, guiding, bringing)
- तु (tu) - but, however
- दाप्याः (dāpyāḥ) - should be made to pay, liable to a fine
- स्युः (syuḥ) - they would be, they should be
- द्विशतम् (dviśatam) - two hundred (monetary units) (two hundred)
- दमम् (damam) - fine, penalty
Words meanings and morphology
यथोक्तेन (yathoktena) - according to what was stated, as said
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of yathokta
yathokta - as said, as stated, according to what has been said
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+ukta)
- yathā – as, according to
indeclinable - ukta – said, spoken, stated
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root √vac (to speak).
Root: vac (class 2)
नयन्तः (nayantaḥ) - giving testimony (leading, guiding, bringing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nayant
nayant - leading, guiding, conducting
Present Active Participle
From root √nī (to lead) with present participle suffix -at.
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'te satyasākṣiṇaḥ'.
ते (te) - they, those
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Refers to the truthful witnesses.
पूयन्ते (pūyante) - they are purified
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of √pū
Root: pū (class 1)
सत्यसाक्षिणः (satyasākṣiṇaḥ) - truthful witnesses
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of satyasākṣin
satyasākṣin - truthful witness
Compound type : karmadhāraya (satya+sākṣin)
- satya – true, real, truth
adjective (neuter) - sākṣin – witness, spectator
noun (masculine)
विपरीतम् (viparītam) - false testimony (the opposite, contrary)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of viparīta
viparīta - reversed, contrary, opposite, inverted
Past Passive Participle
From vi-pari-√i (to go apart, reverse).
Prefixes: vi+pari
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Object of 'nayantaḥ'.
नयन्तः (nayantaḥ) - giving testimony (leading, guiding, bringing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nayant
nayant - leading, guiding, conducting
Present Active Participle
From root √nī (to lead) with present participle suffix -at.
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Refers to those giving false testimony.
तु (tu) - but, however
(indeclinable)
दाप्याः (dāpyāḥ) - should be made to pay, liable to a fine
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dāpya
dāpya - to be caused to give, to be made to pay, liable to a fine
Future Passive Participle (Gerundive, Causative)
From causative of root √dā (to give) with suffix -ya.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Agrees with the implied subject (those who lead to the contrary).
स्युः (syuḥ) - they would be, they should be
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √as
Root: as (class 2)
द्विशतम् (dviśatam) - two hundred (monetary units) (two hundred)
(numeral)
Compound type : dvigu (dvi+śata)
- dvi – two
numeral - śata – hundred
noun (neuter)
Note: Used adverbially to indicate the amount of the fine.
दमम् (damam) - fine, penalty
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - fine, penalty, punishment, self-control
Root: dam (class 1)
Note: Object of the implied verb 'pay' or 'inflict'.