मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-209
रथं हरेत चाध्वर्युर्ब्रह्माऽधाने च वाजिनम ।
होता वाऽपि हरेदश्वमुद्गाता चाप्यनः क्रये ॥२०९॥
होता वाऽपि हरेदश्वमुद्गाता चाप्यनः क्रये ॥२०९॥
209. rathaṁ haret cādhvaryurbrahmā'dhāne ca vājinam ,
hotā vā'pi haredaśvamudgātā cāpyanaḥ kraye.
hotā vā'pi haredaśvamudgātā cāpyanaḥ kraye.
209.
ratham hareta ca adhvaryuḥ brahmā ādhāne ca vājinaṃ
hotā vā api haret aśvam udgātā ca api anaḥ kraye
hotā vā api haret aśvam udgātā ca api anaḥ kraye
209.
adhvaryuḥ ratham hareta ca brahmā ādhāne vājinaṃ (hareta)
ca hotā vā api aśvam haret ca api udgātā kraye anaḥ (haret)
ca hotā vā api aśvam haret ca api udgātā kraye anaḥ (haret)
209.
The Adhvaryu priest should take the chariot. And the Brahma priest should take a swift horse (vājina) at the time of the fire-laying (ādhāna) ritual. Or even the Hotṛ priest should take a horse, and even the Udgātṛ priest should take a cart during the soma purchase ceremony (kraya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- रथम् (ratham) - a chariot, as a specific ritual fee (chariot)
- हरेत (hareta) - should take as his share of the fees (he should take, he should carry away)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अध्वर्युः (adhvaryuḥ) - the specific priest responsible for the practical execution of a Vedic ritual (the Adhvaryu priest)
- ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - the chief priest, overseer of the entire Vedic ritual (the Brahma priest)
- आधाने (ādhāne) - at the fire-laying ritual (Agnyādhāna), the establishment of sacred fires (in the act of placing, at the establishment)
- च (ca) - and, also
- वाजिनं (vājinaṁ) - a horse known for its strength or speed, given as a fee (a swift horse, a stallion)
- होता (hotā) - the priest who recites invocations and litanies from the Ṛgveda (the Hotṛ priest)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- हरेत् (haret) - should take as his share of the fees (he should take, he should carry away)
- अश्वम् (aśvam) - a horse given as a specific ritual fee (horse)
- उद्गाता (udgātā) - the priest who chants hymns from the Sāmaveda (the Udgātṛ priest)
- च (ca) - and, also
- अपि (api) - also, even
- अनः (anaḥ) - a cart (presumably to carry soma) as a fee (cart, wagon)
- क्रये (kraye) - at the time of purchasing the soma plant (for the Soma ritual) (in buying, in purchase)
Words meanings and morphology
रथम् (ratham) - a chariot, as a specific ritual fee (chariot)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
Root: ram
Note: Object of hareta.
हरेत (hareta) - should take as his share of the fees (he should take, he should carry away)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ
Root: hṛ (class 1)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the Adhvaryu's share with Brahma's.
अध्वर्युः (adhvaryuḥ) - the specific priest responsible for the practical execution of a Vedic ritual (the Adhvaryu priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhvaryu
adhvaryu - a priest who recites the Yajurveda, the Adhvaryu
Root: dhvṛ
Note: Subject of hareta.
ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - the chief priest, overseer of the entire Vedic ritual (the Brahma priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - sacred text, holy power, the creator god Brahmā, the Brahma priest, absolute reality (brahman)
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Subject of an implied hareta.
आधाने (ādhāne) - at the fire-laying ritual (Agnyādhāna), the establishment of sacred fires (in the act of placing, at the establishment)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of ādhāna
ādhāna - placing, depositing, establishment (especially of sacred fires)
From root dhā (to place) with prefix ā.
Prefix: ā
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Denotes the occasion or context.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the Brahma's share with the next part.
वाजिनं (vājinaṁ) - a horse known for its strength or speed, given as a fee (a swift horse, a stallion)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vājin
vājin - swift, strong, spirited, a horse, a stallion
From vaja (strength, speed) with suffix -in.
Root: vaj
Note: Object of implied hareta for Brahmā.
होता (hotā) - the priest who recites invocations and litanies from the Ṛgveda (the Hotṛ priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hotṛ
hotṛ - sacrificer, priest who invokes deities, the Hotṛ
Agent noun
From root hu (to offer, sacrifice) with suffix tṛc.
Root: hu (class 3)
Note: Subject of haret.
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces an alternative or additional rule.
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis.
हरेत् (haret) - should take as his share of the fees (he should take, he should carry away)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of hṛ
Root: hṛ (class 1)
अश्वम् (aśvam) - a horse given as a specific ritual fee (horse)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of aśva
aśva - horse
Root: aś
Note: Object of haret.
उद्गाता (udgātā) - the priest who chants hymns from the Sāmaveda (the Udgātṛ priest)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udgātṛ
udgātṛ - chanters of Sāmaveda, the Udgātṛ priest
Agent noun
From root gai (to sing) with prefix ud, suffix tṛc.
Prefix: ud
Root: gai (class 1)
Note: Subject of an implied haret.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the Hotṛ's share with the Udgātṛ's.
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis.
अनः (anaḥ) - a cart (presumably to carry soma) as a fee (cart, wagon)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of anas
anas - cart, wagon, vehicle
Root: an
Note: Subject of implied haret.
क्रये (kraye) - at the time of purchasing the soma plant (for the Soma ritual) (in buying, in purchase)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kraya
kraya - purchase, buying
From root krī (to buy).
Root: krī (class 9)
Note: Denotes the occasion or context.