मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-402
पञ्चरात्रे पञ्चरात्रे पक्षे पक्षेऽथ वा गते ।
कुर्वीत चैषां प्रत्यक्षमर्घसंस्थापनं नृपः ॥४०२॥
कुर्वीत चैषां प्रत्यक्षमर्घसंस्थापनं नृपः ॥४०२॥
402. pañcarātre pañcarātre pakṣe pakṣe'tha vā gate ,
kurvīta caiṣāṁ pratyakṣamarghasaṁsthāpanaṁ nṛpaḥ.
kurvīta caiṣāṁ pratyakṣamarghasaṁsthāpanaṁ nṛpaḥ.
402.
pañcarātre pañcarātre pakṣe pakṣe atha vā gate
kurvīta ca eṣām pratyakṣam arghasaṃsthāpanam nṛpaḥ
kurvīta ca eṣām pratyakṣam arghasaṃsthāpanam nṛpaḥ
402.
nṛpaḥ pañcarātre pañcarātre atha vā pakṣe pakṣe
gate ca eṣām pratyakṣam arghasaṃsthāpanam kurvīta
gate ca eṣām pratyakṣam arghasaṃsthāpanam kurvīta
402.
Every five nights, or every fortnight, after such a period has elapsed, the king should personally determine and fix the prices of these commodities.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पञ्चरात्रे (pañcarātre) - every five nights (in five nights, during a period of five nights)
- पञ्चरात्रे (pañcarātre) - every five nights (in five nights, during a period of five nights)
- पक्षे (pakṣe) - every fortnight (in a fortnight, during a fortnight)
- पक्षे (pakṣe) - every fortnight (in a fortnight, during a fortnight)
- अथ (atha) - or (then, now, or)
- वा (vā) - or
- गते (gate) - after the period has passed (having passed, elapsed)
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should determine and fix (should do, should make, should perform)
- च (ca) - and, also
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these commodities (of these)
- प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - personally (directly, visibly, in person)
- अर्घसंस्थापनम् (arghasaṁsthāpanam) - the establishment of prices, price fixing
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king, protector of men
Words meanings and morphology
पञ्चरात्रे (pañcarātre) - every five nights (in five nights, during a period of five nights)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of pañcarātra
pañcarātra - a period of five nights
Compound type : Dvigu (pañca+rātra)
- pañca – five
numeral - rātra – night
noun (neuter)
Note: Repetition implies 'every five nights'
पञ्चरात्रे (pañcarātre) - every five nights (in five nights, during a period of five nights)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of pañcarātra
pañcarātra - a period of five nights
Compound type : Dvigu (pañca+rātra)
- pañca – five
numeral - rātra – night
noun (neuter)
Note: Repetition implies 'every five nights'
पक्षे (pakṣe) - every fortnight (in a fortnight, during a fortnight)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa
pakṣa - a fortnight (half a lunar month), a side, a wing, a party
Note: Repetition implies 'every fortnight'
पक्षे (pakṣe) - every fortnight (in a fortnight, during a fortnight)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of pakṣa
pakṣa - a fortnight (half a lunar month), a side, a wing, a party
Note: Repetition implies 'every fortnight'
अथ (atha) - or (then, now, or)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
गते (gate) - after the period has passed (having passed, elapsed)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of gata
gata - gone, passed, deceased, reached
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root `gam` (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Refers to the passing of the five-night or fortnight period
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - should determine and fix (should do, should make, should perform)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ
Optative, Middle Voice
`kṛ` (root 8th class) -> `kurvīta` (ātmanepada, vidhiliṅ, prathama puruṣa, ekavacana)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these commodities (of these)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Refers to market goods or commodities, implied from context.
प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - personally (directly, visibly, in person)
(indeclinable)
Compound formed from `prati` (prefix) + `akṣa` (eye).
Compound type : Avyayībhāva (prati+akṣa)
- prati – towards, against, every
indeclinable - akṣa – eye, die (for gaming)
noun (neuter)
Note: Adverbial usage of the neuter accusative singular form.
अर्घसंस्थापनम् (arghasaṁsthāpanam) - the establishment of prices, price fixing
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of arghasaṃsthāpana
arghasaṁsthāpana - establishment of prices, fixing of value
Compound of `argha` (price) and `saṃsthāpana` (establishment).
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (argha+saṃsthāpana)
- argha – price, value, respectful offering
noun (masculine) - saṃsthāpana – establishment, regulation, fixing
noun (neuter)
agent noun/action noun
Derived from `sam-sthā` (to stand together, establish)
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Object of `kurvīta`.
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - the king, protector of men
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, protector of men
Compound of `nṛ` (man) and `pa` (protector), from root `pā` (to protect).
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)
- nṛ – man, person
noun (masculine) - pa – protector
noun (masculine)
agent noun
Derived from root `pā` (to protect)
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Subject of `kurvīta`.