मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-392
प्रतिवेश्यानुवेश्यौ च कल्याणे विंशतिद्विजे ।
अर्हावभोजयन विप्रो दण्डमर्हति माषकम ॥३९२॥
अर्हावभोजयन विप्रो दण्डमर्हति माषकम ॥३९२॥
392. prativeśyānuveśyau ca kalyāṇe viṁśatidvije ,
arhāvabhojayan vipro daṇḍamarhati māṣakam.
arhāvabhojayan vipro daṇḍamarhati māṣakam.
392.
prativeśyānūveśyau ca kalyāṇe viṃśatidvije |
arhau abhojayan vipraḥ daṇḍam arhati māṣakam
arhau abhojayan vipraḥ daṇḍam arhati māṣakam
392.
vipraḥ kalyāṇe viṃśatidvije arhau prativeśyānūveśyau
ca abhojayan daṇḍam māṣakam arhati
ca abhojayan daṇḍam māṣakam arhati
392.
A Brahmin (vipra) who, on an auspicious occasion (kalyāṇa) involving twenty members of the twice-born (dvija) class, fails to feed his two worthy immediate neighbors (prativeśya and anuveśya), deserves a fine of one māṣaka.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रतिवेश्यानूवेश्यौ (prativeśyānūveśyau) - the two immediate neighbors (the neighbor and the next neighbor)
- च (ca) - and, also
- कल्याणे (kalyāṇe) - on an auspicious occasion, in a happy event
- विंशतिद्विजे (viṁśatidvije) - in/at an event of twenty twice-born
- अर्हौ (arhau) - two worthy ones, two deserving ones
- अभोजयन् (abhojayan) - not feeding, causing not to eat
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, inspired person, sage
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - a fine (fine, punishment, staff)
- अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of
- माषकम् (māṣakam) - a fine of one māṣaka (a small copper or gold coin) (a māṣaka (a coin, a measure of weight))
Words meanings and morphology
प्रतिवेश्यानूवेश्यौ (prativeśyānūveśyau) - the two immediate neighbors (the neighbor and the next neighbor)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of prativeśyānūveśya
prativeśyānūveśya - immediate neighbor and adjacent neighbor (a dvandva compound referring to two types of neighbors)
Dvandva compound of prativeśya and anuveśya.
Compound type : dvandva (prativeśya+anuveśya)
- prativeśya – neighbor, inhabitant of a neighboring house
noun (masculine)
From prati-viś (to enter, settle).
Prefix: prati
Root: viś (class 6) - anuveśya – adjacent neighbor, one living close by
noun (masculine)
From anu-viś (to enter, settle).
Prefix: anu
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Object of abhojayan.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
कल्याणे (kalyāṇe) - on an auspicious occasion, in a happy event
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa
kalyāṇa - auspicious, excellent, happy, welfare, good fortune
From root kal (to count, to sound).
Root: kal (class 10)
Note: Refers to the occasion.
विंशतिद्विजे (viṁśatidvije) - in/at an event of twenty twice-born
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of viṃśatidvija
viṁśatidvija - twenty twice-born (persons)
Tatpuruṣa compound of viṃśati (twenty) and dvija (twice-born).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṃśati+dvija)
- viṃśati – twenty
numeral (feminine) - dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya)
noun (masculine)
From dvi (twice) + root jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Acts as an adjective or specifies the context of the kalyāṇa.
अर्हौ (arhau) - two worthy ones, two deserving ones
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, dual of arha
arha - worthy, deserving, entitled to
From root arh (to deserve).
Root: arh (class 1)
अभोजयन् (abhojayan) - not feeding, causing not to eat
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhojayat
abhojayat - not feeding, one who does not feed
Present active participle (causative, negative)
From a (not) + causative of root bhuj (to eat, feed) + śatṛ suffix.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhojayat)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - bhojayat – feeding, causing to eat
participle (masculine)
Present active participle (causative)
Causative of root bhuj + śatṛ suffix.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, inspired person, sage
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise, priest
From root vip (to tremble, to be inspired).
Root: vip (class 2)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - a fine (fine, punishment, staff)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - staff, punishment, fine, scepter
From root daṇḍ (to punish).
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Object of arhati.
अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
present tense
From root arh.
Root: arh (class 1)
माषकम् (māṣakam) - a fine of one māṣaka (a small copper or gold coin) (a māṣaka (a coin, a measure of weight))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of māṣaka
māṣaka - a small weight, a copper coin of low value, a kind of bean
From māṣa (bean) + ka suffix.