मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-371
भर्तारं लङ्घयेद या तु स्त्री ज्ञातिगुणदर्पिता ।
तां श्वभिः खादयेद राजा संस्थाने बहुसंस्थिते ॥३७१॥
तां श्वभिः खादयेद राजा संस्थाने बहुसंस्थिते ॥३७१॥
371. bhartāraṁ laṅghayed yā tu strī jñātiguṇadarpitā ,
tāṁ śvabhiḥ khādayed rājā saṁsthāne bahusaṁsthite.
tāṁ śvabhiḥ khādayed rājā saṁsthāne bahusaṁsthite.
371.
bhartāram laṅghayet yā tu strī jñātiguṇadarpitā
tām śvabhiḥ khādayet rājā saṃsthāne bahusaṃsthite
tām śvabhiḥ khādayet rājā saṃsthāne bahusaṃsthite
371.
yā strī tu jñātiguṇadarpitā bhartāram laṅghayet
rājā tām bahusaṃsthite saṃsthāne śvabhiḥ khādayet
rājā tām bahusaṃsthite saṃsthāne śvabhiḥ khādayet
371.
Indeed, a woman who, filled with pride in her family's merits, disobeys her husband, the king should have her devoured by dogs in a crowded public place.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband (husband, maintainer, supporter)
- लङ्घयेत् (laṅghayet) - should disobey (should transgress, should disregard, should violate)
- या (yā) - the woman who (who, which, whoever)
- तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- स्त्री (strī) - woman (woman, female)
- ज्ञातिगुणदर्पिता (jñātiguṇadarpitā) - proud of her family's merits (proud of her family's qualities/merits)
- ताम् (tām) - her (her, that (feminine))
- श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - by dogs
- खादयेत् (khādayet) - should have her devoured (should cause to eat, should feed)
- राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)
- संस्थाने (saṁsthāne) - in a public place (in a place, in a gathering, in an assembly)
- बहुसंस्थिते (bahusaṁsthite) - where many are present (well-attended, crowded, where many are present)
Words meanings and morphology
भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband (husband, maintainer, supporter)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ
bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, supporter
Root: bhṛ
Note: Object of transgression.
लङ्घयेत् (laṅghayet) - should disobey (should transgress, should disregard, should violate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of laṅgh
Optative
3rd person singular
Root: laṅgh (class 1)
Note: Describes the action of the woman.
या (yā) - the woman who (who, which, whoever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'strī'.
तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
स्त्री (strī) - woman (woman, female)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman, female
Note: Subject of the relative clause.
ज्ञातिगुणदर्पिता (jñātiguṇadarpitā) - proud of her family's merits (proud of her family's qualities/merits)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of jñātiguṇadarpita
jñātiguṇadarpita - proud of family's qualities
Compound type : tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (jñāti+guṇa+darpita)
- jñāti – kin, family
noun (masculine) - guṇa – quality, merit, virtue
noun (masculine) - darpita – proud, arrogant, haughty
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root darp (to be proud)
Root: darp (class 1)
Note: Adjective describing 'strī'.
ताम् (tām) - her (her, that (feminine))
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Note: Object of 'khādayet'.
श्वभिः (śvabhiḥ) - by dogs
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śvan
śvan - dog
Note: Agent of the causative verb.
खादयेत् (khādayet) - should have her devoured (should cause to eat, should feed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (ṇic-vidhiliṅ) of khād
Causative Optative
3rd person singular
Root: khād (class 1)
Note: The king causes the action.
राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Root: rāj
संस्थाने (saṁsthāne) - in a public place (in a place, in a gathering, in an assembly)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of saṃsthāna
saṁsthāna - place, assembly, public place
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā
Note: Indicates location of the punishment.
बहुसंस्थिते (bahusaṁsthite) - where many are present (well-attended, crowded, where many are present)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of bahusaṃsthita
bahusaṁsthita - well-attended, crowded
Past Passive Participle
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+saṃsthita)
- bahu – many, much
adjective - saṃsthita – standing together, assembled, present
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root sthā (to stand) with prefix sam
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Adjective modifying 'saṃsthāne'.