मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-364
योऽकामां दूषयेत कन्यां स सद्यो वधमर्हति ।
सकामां दूषयंस्तुल्यो न वधं प्राप्नुयान्नरः ॥३६४॥
सकामां दूषयंस्तुल्यो न वधं प्राप्नुयान्नरः ॥३६४॥
364. yo'kāmāṁ dūṣayet kanyāṁ sa sadyo vadhamarhati ,
sakāmāṁ dūṣayaṁstulyo na vadhaṁ prāpnuyānnaraḥ.
sakāmāṁ dūṣayaṁstulyo na vadhaṁ prāpnuyānnaraḥ.
364.
yaḥ akāmām dūṣayet kanyām sa sadyaḥ vadham arhati
sakāmām dūṣayan tulyaḥ na vadham prāpnuyāt naraḥ
sakāmām dūṣayan tulyaḥ na vadham prāpnuyāt naraḥ
364.
yaḥ akāmām kanyām dūṣayet,
sa sadyaḥ vadham arhati.
(yaḥ) sakāmām (kanyām) dūṣayan naraḥ tulyaḥ (bhavati),
(saḥ) vadham na prāpnuyāt.
sa sadyaḥ vadham arhati.
(yaḥ) sakāmām (kanyām) dūṣayan naraḥ tulyaḥ (bhavati),
(saḥ) vadham na prāpnuyāt.
364.
He who defiles an unwilling maiden immediately deserves capital punishment. However, a man who defiles a willing maiden is considered equally responsible (for the act) and does not incur capital punishment.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)
- अकामाम् (akāmām) - unwilling (maiden) (unwilling, desiring not)
- दूषयेत् (dūṣayet) - he should defile (optative expressing condition) (he should defile, he should violate, he should corrupt)
- कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden (maiden, girl, daughter)
- स (sa) - he (he, that)
- सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once)
- वधम् (vadham) - capital punishment (death, killing, capital punishment)
- अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (he deserves, he is worthy of)
- सकामाम् (sakāmām) - willing (maiden) (willing, desirous, with desire)
- दूषयन् (dūṣayan) - one who defiles (a willing maiden) (defiling, violating, corrupting)
- तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal (in responsibility; not subject to capital punishment as a victimizer) (equal, similar)
- न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
- वधम् (vadham) - capital punishment (death, killing, capital punishment)
- प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - he should obtain (here, implying 'incur' or 'receive') (he should obtain, he should reach)
- नरः (naraḥ) - man (man, person)
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which, he who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
अकामाम् (akāmām) - unwilling (maiden) (unwilling, desiring not)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of akāmā
akāmā - unwilling, not desiring, without desire
'a' (not) + 'kāmā' (desiring)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāmā)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable - kāmā – desiring, desirous
adjective (feminine)
From root 'kam' (to desire)
Root: kam (class 1)
दूषयेत् (dūṣayet) - he should defile (optative expressing condition) (he should defile, he should violate, he should corrupt)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dūṣ
optative active
From root 'dūṣ' (to spoil, corrupt)
Root: dūṣ (class 4)
कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden (maiden, girl, daughter)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā
kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter, virgin
Root: kan (class 1)
स (sa) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once)
(indeclinable)
वधम् (vadham) - capital punishment (death, killing, capital punishment)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha
vadha - striking, killing, death, capital punishment
From root 'han' (to strike, kill), with 'vadha' as nominal stem.
Root: han (class 2)
अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (he deserves, he is worthy of)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
present active
From root 'arh' (to deserve)
Root: arh (class 1)
सकामाम् (sakāmām) - willing (maiden) (willing, desirous, with desire)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sakāmā
sakāmā - willing, desirous, with desire
'sa' (with) + 'kāmā' (desiring)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+kāmā)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - kāmā – desiring, desirous
adjective (feminine)
From root 'kam' (to desire)
Root: kam (class 1)
दूषयन् (dūṣayan) - one who defiles (a willing maiden) (defiling, violating, corrupting)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dūṣayat
dūṣayat - defiling, violating, corrupting
Present Active Participle
From root 'dūṣ' (to spoil, corrupt)
Root: dūṣ (class 4)
तुल्यः (tulyaḥ) - equal (in responsibility; not subject to capital punishment as a victimizer) (equal, similar)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tulya
tulya - equal, similar, comparable
From root 'tul' (to weigh, compare) + 'ya' suffix
Root: tul (class 1)
न (na) - not (not, no, nor)
(indeclinable)
वधम् (vadham) - capital punishment (death, killing, capital punishment)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha
vadha - striking, killing, death, capital punishment
From root 'han' (to strike, kill), with 'vadha' as nominal stem.
Root: han (class 2)
प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - he should obtain (here, implying 'incur' or 'receive') (he should obtain, he should reach)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prāp
optative active
From 'pra-āp' (to obtain)
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
नरः (naraḥ) - man (man, person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, human being
Root: nṛ (class 1)